【作者】 刘灿灿；

【导师】 沈耀良；

【作者基本信息】 苏州科技学院 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验采用了两种不同的填料——陶粒和瓷粒,以生活污水为处理对象,对曝气生物滤池BAF(Biological Aerated Filter)进行了试验,对两种填料的曝气生物滤池的启动挂膜及运行特性进行研究,主要研究结果如下:(1)瓷粒BAF和陶粒BAF所需的启动挂膜时间差异较大,由于闷曝7d,因此,瓷粒BAF启动所需的时间为37d,陶粒BAF启动所需的时间为17d。(2)在进水水温为18～28℃,气水比为3:1的条件下,控制进水CODcr浓度为300mg/L,缩短HRT将降低瓷粒曝气生物滤池反应器的处理效能,对陶粒影响不大。缩短HRT与污染物的去除并不呈简单的线性关系。瓷粒和陶粒填料曝气生物滤池的最佳水力停留时间均为10h。(3)在进水水温为27～33℃,HRT为12h,气水比为3:1的条件下,改变进水CODcr浓度为400mg/L、300mg/L、200mg/L、100mg/L,随着进水有机物浓度的逐渐降低,CODcr的去除率有所降低,并未对氨氮的去除造成影响,具有良好的氨氮去除能力。(4)在进水水温为12～22℃,HRT为5h的条件下,控制进水CODcr浓度为300mg/L,气水比由3:1升高为5:1后降低为1:1,当气水比为5:1时,瓷粒和陶粒对CODcr和氨氮的去除效能最佳。气水比增加会导致SS去除率的下降,当气水比为1:1时,瓷粒和陶粒反应器对SS和总氮的去除效能最佳,此条件下陶粒曝气生物滤池对CODcr、氨氮也能达到较好的去除。总体看来,陶粒对污染物的去除效能要略高于瓷粒。(5)在气水比3:1,水力停留时间为5h,进水有机浓度为300mg/L的条件下降解CODcr的最佳填料层高度在20～80cm处,硝化氨氮的最佳填料层高度在40～100cm处,对于SS的去除,主要集中在填料层高度20cm处,随着填料层的增加去除效果有所增加但趋势缓慢。(6)曝气生物滤池具有良好的硝化特性,两种填料对氨氮的去除效率均较高。曝气生物滤池反应器内并没有发生亚硝酸盐积累现象。在总氮的去除方面,运行条件的改变对总氮的去除影响不大,总氮去除效能不佳,由于未控制反硝化条件,若存在反硝化,则认为反应器内存在同步硝化反硝化,同步硝化反硝化脱氮的效果不是很好。关于曝气生物滤池的脱氮性能及影响因素尚需进一步研究。(7)在HRT 5h,气水比5:1,水温16～19℃,CODcr浓度为280.59～319.22mg/L,氨氮浓度为21.99～29.22mg/L,SS浓度86～121mg/L的条件下,对比了两种填料的除污效能,两种填料对污染物都有较好的去除效果,其中陶粒对于氨氮的去除效能最佳,均达到95%以上,对CODcr和SS的去除率也达到80%以上。瓷粒作为填料对污染物也有较高的去除效能,但总体处理效能较之陶粒略差。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this experiment, two different carrier media, porcelain and ceramsite, were used to treat domestic wastewater in Biological Aerated Filter (BAF). Comparing the start-up and the operating characteristic with the two different carrier media, The main results were conducted as below:(1)The time needed for the start-up and biofilm formation of the two BAFs were different, because of stuffy aeration, for BAF with porcelain carrier, 37 days were needed. but for BAF with ceramsite carrier, 17 days were needed.(2)When the influent water temperature was 18～28℃, the gas to liquid ratio was 3:1, the influent CODcr concentration was 300mg/L,Cutting down HRT,the removal efficiency of porcelain BAF could be reduced. but there was no influence on ceramsite BAF. But the relation was not a linear relationship between hydraulic retention time and removal efficiency. For the porcelain BAF and ceramsite BAF,the best HRT was 10h.(3) When the influent water temperature was 27～33℃, HRT was 12h, the gas to liquid ratio was 3:1, Changing the influent CODcr was 400mg/L、300mg/L、200mg/L、100mg/L,With the influent organic loading decreased, the removal efficency of CODcr was reduced gradually. There was no influence on the removal efficiency of NH4+-N, The removal efficiency of NH4+-N was well.(4)When the influent water temperature was 12～22℃, HRT was 5h, the influent CODcr concentration was 300mg/L , the gas to liquid ratio rosed to 5:1 from 3:1, then decreased to 1:1. When the gas to liquid ratio was 5:1, the removal efficiency of CODcr and NH4+-N were the best in the porcelain BAF and ceramsite BAF. When the gas to water was 1:1, the removal efficiency of SS and TN were the best, on this condition, as well as the removal efficiency of CODcr and NH4+-N were better in the ceramsite BAF. Generally speaking, The ceramsite as carrier media, the removal efficiency of contamination was higher than porcelain BAF.(5)When the gas to liquid ratio was 3:1, HRT was 5h, the influent CODcr concentration was 300mg/L ,The best removal efficiency of CODcr occurred when the bed material height was 20cm～80cm. The best removal efficiency of NH4+-N occurred when the bed material height was 40cm～100cm.The best removal efficiency of SS occurred when the bed material height was 20cm. The SS removal efficiency rises slowly with the further increase of bed material height.(6)BAF had good function of nitrification. The NH4+-N removal efficiency with porcelain or ceramsite as carrier media was both well. There was no nitrite accumulation in BAF. Changing operating condition, the removal efficiency of TN was no marked by clear change and was misadventure. Because of not controlling for the factors of denitrification,if existing denitrification,then considering there was Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification in BAF. but the removal efficiency of TN was worse by means of Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification reaction. So the nitrification and denitrification and influencing factors in BAF need to be further studied.(7)When the CODcr concentration in influent was 280.59~319.22mg/L, the NH4+-N concentration in influent was 21.99~29.22mg/L, the SS concentration in influent was 86~121mg/L, the water temperature is 16~19℃, the ratio of gas to liquid ratio was 5:1 and HRT was 5h.Compared the contaminant removal performance of two carrier medias, the removal efficencies all were good. The NH4+-N removal efficiency was the best and was up to 95%, the removal efficiency of CODcr and SS all were up to 80%. Used porcelain as carrier media could also get higher removal efficiency, but as a whole the removal efficiency of porcelain exhibited a little decrease.更多还原