【作者】 王广禄；

【导师】 蔡锋；

【作者基本信息】 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所 ， 环境科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文根据海岸工程理论,结合水动力学和动力地貌学的方法,讨论国内外造滩技术,并结合香山-长尾礁岸段沙滩修复实践工程经验总结人造沙滩工艺。其内容包括沙滩选址、沙滩设计及沙滩后期监测。通过沙滩选址确立具有修复潜质的砂质海岸,在香山-长尾礁工程实践采用了四个选址原则:海岸规划、适宜的水动力条件、沙滩演变历史与水质环境条件。在沙滩设计方面以遵循沙滩动态平衡为依据,其设计参数包括滩面坡度、填沙粒径、滩肩高程以及波浪要素等参数。根据海岸工程的沙滩公式可以模拟计算出与海湾环境相适应的滩面坡度,并根据参数结合超填率计算可以设计补沙粒径和估算填沙量,补沙方案兼顾造滩的自然属性和投资效果采用干滩补沙。岬控砂质海岸其岸线稳定形态通常是具有一定弧度的,其弧形在实际工程中被认为最接近双曲螺线形。鉴于香山-长尾礁人造沙滩工程所处的特殊环境,岸线稳定形态借助数学手段来模拟附近既有沙滩稳定形态特征来设计其岸形;对于开阔平直砂质海岸保持稳定则需要有充足沙源以补充沿岸输沙的流失。此外,通过修建一些必要的人工建筑物,可以起到固沙并辅助沙滩形成稳定的岸线形态的作用。沙滩后期监测是沙滩养护的重要工作,为沙滩的成长过程提供可靠依据。笔者试将沙滩成长划分为初形期、塑造期、成熟期及衰退期四个阶段以方便对沙滩的监测成果进行定位。并预估人造沙滩对两种极端条件的响应,其一,海湾水动力环境普遍较弱,造成沙滩前滨“泥化”;其二,对台风暴的响应,认为在人造沙滩进入成熟期前风暴对滩面成熟塑造虽有一定的促进作用,仍以破坏为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to coast engineering theory, hydrodynamics and morphdynamics, we discuss the technology of artificial beach. Choose Xiangshan-Changweijiao beach restoration project as a case and Summarize Experience of beach restoration. The contents include location selection, beach design and beach monitoring.Through the location selection, establish a suitable sandy coast for beach restoration. In Xiangshan-Changweijiao beach restoration project adopting four factors: coastal planning, appropriate hydrodynamic conditions, history of beach evolution and water quality. The beach design should obey the dynamic equilibrium of the beach, including the slope of beach face, filled grain, the berm height and wave elements parameters. All parameters could be calculated, according to the beach formula, made the beach slope and filled grain fit littoral system environment, take into account the natural attributes and Investment, the sand placement adopt dry beach nourishmentThe stable planform of Cape-bay coast is usually a certain form of the arc, the arc in the actual project was considered closest to hyperbolical spiral. In view of the Xiangshan-Changweijiao beach restoration project is in a special environment, the planform design simulates the existing stable beach features; For long-straight beach, need adequate sand to complement the loss of sediment transport along the coast and keep stable. In addition, some of the necessary buildings, can play the role of supplementary of beach stable planform.The beach monitoring is the important work for the beach growth, and provide a reliable basis. I will try to divide beach growth into the initialize period, shaping period, maturity and decline four phases. And estimate the artificial beach in response to the two extreme conditions. Firstly, the weak hydrodynamic environment bay beach, cause beach foreshore "mud"; Second, the response to storm,before the maturity of artificial beach storm play an active role for beach growth, but damage is still the main effect.更多还原