【作者】 周明月；

【导师】 陈洁华；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 国际关系， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 国家形象通常是指国际社会公众对一个国家相对稳定的总体评价,主要包括政治、经济、文化以及国民行为几个方面。中国是一个有着悠久历史的文明古国,在世界历史上影响深远。无论是从地理规模、人口数量还是文明的发展程度上说,中国都是大国,一直受到世界各国的瞩目。历史上对于中国形象的认识不一而足,随着时代的变化和各国自身利益的需要,中国在国际上的形象一直在变化,“契丹形象”,“黄祸论”等等。本文选取改革开放后这段时期的中国作为研究对象,是因为这一时期距离今天比较近,易于收集资料,更重要的是因为改革开放后这一段时期,正是中国政治、经济、文化等各个方面取得突出成就的时候,对内人民生活更加富裕,人民当家作主的政治制度更加健全;对外中国倡导和平外交,以邻为伴,与邻为善,中国的外交政策是温和的;中国的文明程度也在提高,中西文化交流取得了丰硕成果,中国在国际上的地位也大大提高。然而,看看当今的大国美国以及中国的邻国日本对于中国形象的报道,“中国威胁论”、“中国专制”、“压制人权”、“丑陋的中国人”等负面报道不断涌现,世界认识的中国和真实的中国之间有着巨大的鸿沟。改革开放后的中国在政治、经济、文化的发展方面都走出了一条中国特色的道路,中国展示了一个前所未有的崭新形象,然而国际社会难以正确地认识这种形象,中国形象是被“妖魔化”的。国内学者已经意识到了改革开放后的中国形象所面临的困境,一系列关于国家形象及其传播的成果已经形成。然而,将改革开放后中国的形象处境成为危机的研究还没有,所以本文拟在这些研究成果的基础上,将危机管理引入国家形象研究。具体内容如下:第一部分是概论部分。说明了国家形象的内涵及研究目的;国内外的研究现状;以及研究的理论依据。第二部分论述了中国形象危机。首先阐述了历史上的中国形象;重点是改革开放后的中国形象危机,其内涵与特点,以及集中表现的三对矛盾;最后是中国形象危机产生的原因分析。第三部分是中国形象危机修复。阐述了中国形象危机修复的必要性、目标;修复的手段等。最后一部分是结语。指出文章的主要意义在于提醒广大中国人民:要认识到中国形象已经出现危机,不是我们一厢情愿所认为的自由、民主、和平的中国,国际上的中国形象与之存在巨大的差距。认识到危机后,还要找出危机背后的原因,及时修复危机,向世界展示一个坚持走中国特色道路的中国;一个民主、文明的中国;一个负责任的和平发展的国家。更多还原

【Abstract】 National image usually refers to the relatively stable overall evaluation form international community about one country, including political, economic and cultural aspects as well as national behaviors. China is a country with a long history of civilization in the history of the world far-reaching impact. No matter from the geographical scale, the population, or the civilization development level, China is been seemed as a big power by the whole world. From the history aspect, the awareness of China’s image are various which are according to the changes of times and country’s own needs, such as "Qidan image","Yellow Peril". This paper choose the period which is after reform and opening up as research object, just because this period is not far away from today that is easy for us to collect information. And the most important reason is that this period is the exactly time when China’s political, economic, and cultural and other aspects gained great achievements. During this time, for internal, the people is getting rich, and the political system is more mature; for external, China advocates peaceful diplomacy, and foreign policy is moderate; the civilization degree of China also improved, cultural exchanges have made great achievements, China’s international status has greatly improved. However, take a look at today’s United States, Japan, as well as China’s neighbors reported about the image of China, such as "China threat theory" and "China’s authoritarian," "suppression of human rights," "Ugly Chinese" and other negative reports continue to emerge, the China’s image of the world understanded and the real China is really different. After the reform and opening up, China has found a path with Chinese characteristics in political, economic and cultural development aspect, displayed a new image. But the international community didn’t understanding of this image very well, China’s image is "demonizing ". Domestic scholars have been aware of the difficulties about China’s image after the reform and opening up, and already produced series of national image and dissemination of results. But choose the China’s image after reform and opening up as a crisis haven’t existed. So in this paper based on the results of these studies, want to introduce crisis management into national image management. Details are as follows:First part is introduction of explain the connotation of the country’s image and research purposes; the status quota home and abroad as well as the theoretical basis for research.The second part discusses China’s image crisis. First elaborated China’s image’s history, focus on the image crisis after reform and opening up. Lastly, analysis the reason for the crisis.The third part is repairing China’s image crisis. Expounded that the needs, the goal and the measures for China to repair the image of crisis.The last part is conclusion. The article pointed out that the main significance is to remind the Chinese people: to recognize that China’s image has faced on a crisis, there is a huge gap between international and China’s aspect. After recognizing the crisis, we also have to find the reasons behind the crisis, then repair crisis timely and demonstrate a China that stick to the road of Chinese characteristics to the world: a democratic, a civilized, a peaceful development of a responsible country.更多还原