【作者】 刘元；

【导师】 石伟平；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 职业技术教育学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 美国是生涯教育的发源地,也是世界领先的教育强国,在对美国的教育理念、实践模式以及课程的研究中可以明显的看到生涯教育对其发展具有深刻的影响。有近半个世纪的研究成果证明,生涯教育在培养学生的生涯发展意识、决策意识、促进终生学习以及降低辍学率方面都有显著的成果。在当前经济、政治和文化的共同作用下,生涯教育增加了新的内涵,融合了新理念,拓展了新技术,帮助学生顺利地从学校过渡到工作世界。本论文分为四章,论文的第一章对美国生涯教育发展的历程以及美国生涯教育的理念进行了梳理,时间脉络贯穿了美国20世纪初生涯教育的萌芽直至目前的平稳发展期,分析角度涵盖了经济、社会、政治和教育等多个方面。对生涯教育理念则从其哲学理论、生涯理论和学习理论三方面的理论支持进行了分析。论文的第二章对美国K-12生涯教育的管理体系、财政支持体系、生涯教育的发展模型以及实施标准进行了详细分析,其中对于生涯教育模式和标准都运用具体的案例进行了解析,并根据不同的发展阶段进行了纵向比较。论文的第三章是本文的焦点,即美国K-12生涯教育的具体实施模式,按照经典分类方法,对四种实践模式中典型的项目进行案例剖析。具体案例取材于目前美国几个生涯教育发展较为先进的州正在实施的生涯教育实例。论文的第四章主要总结了美国K-12生涯教育实践模式的特点,对其发展实施过程中所遇到的主要阻碍进行了分析,并且对K-12生涯教育课程未来的发展趋势进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Career Education is originated in the United States where owns a good reputation on Education. Studies on conception, model and curriculum in American Education obviously show the effect of career education. Through a nearly half-century effort, it is commonly agreed that career education serves to cultivate students’ career development, career consciousness, and career decision making, encourages life-long learning and improves the enrollment. In 21st century, the new trends of economy, society and policy add some new character to Career Education, which integrated with new ideas and developed new technology to help adolescent successfully transition from school to the career.The history and the background theory of the career education is explained in Chapter I .The analyses of the development of career education have been written as several aspects: economy, social, political and education from the 20th century to the 21st century. And the philosophical theory, the career development theory and the learning theory have offered the support to career education.The managerial system, financial support system, career development model and the practice standard of the American K-12 career education is analyses in Chapter II. Each model and standard are attached several cases.The focuses of the Chapter III turns from the ideology to practice, the American K-12 career education practical model. Four typical practical models: the introduced practical model, the counseling practical model, the curriculum based practical model and the work based practical model, are presented and evaluated. And the cases are taken from the states that advanced in career education.In Chapter IV, the soul of American K-12 career education practical model is discussed. Based on all the analysis and research on American K-12 career education, two main characters are summed up, the typical problem during the practice are evaluated, and the development direction are foresee.更多还原