【作者】 程连玲；

【导师】 沈霄凤；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 研究表明,大学生心理健康不容乐观,而心理危机对大学生心理健康所产生的消极影响是不容忽视的,频繁发生的大学生杀人、自杀、校园暴力等现象都是大学生心理危机的外在表现。对大学生的心理危机进行有效的干预,让大学生认识危机、管理危机进而更好地对危机进行干预,成为高校工作的一项紧迫任务。而随之提出的“扩展视野下的大学生心理危机干预”倡导以预防性干预为主,强调干预重在预防。预防性心理危机干预提倡以教育的形式进行心理危机知识的传播和共享,心理危机知识不仅心理咨询专家需要,同样需要在教师和学生中进行共享。近年来,知识管理在学校的应用研究开始引起广泛关注,其研究领域涉及到学校的教学、管理等各个领域。可以说,知识管理在学校的应用能够为学校核心竞争力的提高起一臂之力。那么,能否将知识管理的理念与技术应用到学校的心理危机干预中,实现高校心理危机知识的共享、提高学生和教师的心理危机干预能力,从而最终促进高校学生的健康发展呢?鉴于以上问题,本文首先对大学生心理危机相关问题进行阐述,包括大学生心理危机的分类、原因、表现形式以及大学生心理危机干预措施等,目的是为构建大学生心理危机知识管理系统提供理论和数据支持;其次,对知识管理及其主要支撑技术——基于案例的推理(Case-Based Reasoning)相关概念进行了介绍,并对其在大学生心理危机干预中应用的可行性和必要性进行了分析;最后,笔者提出了系统的构建和实现。系统依托于心理危机的预防性干预,借助基于案例的推理技术进行实现。它以心理危机知识的学习和教育为主,一方面为学生和教师提供了基于案例库的学习和反思;另一方面教师借助案例的检索、案例的修改、案例的评论、案例的发表、案例的积累等模块,实现了危机决策的提供。可以说系统的构建为高校学生和教师提供了心理危机知识获取、共享、交流以及创新的平台,是“助人自助”的心理健康教育理念的体现,有助于高校心理危机的“早预防、早发现、早治疗”,并能从根本上防止大学生心理危机的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 It shows that we should not be optimistic about college students’ mental health, and the negative impact on college students’ mental health brought by mental crisis should not be overlooked. Murdering, suicide, violence frequently committed by college students are all evidence of mental crisis. It becomes an urgent task to take effective intervention on college students’ mental crisis in order to intervene it, including understanding and managing mental crisis. Followed by this, the expanded elucidation of mental crisis intervention promotes intervention on prevention. Preventive intervention which takes the form of education to diffuse and share the knowledge on mental crisis suggests that not only psychologist but also teachers and students need the knowledge on mental crisis.In recent years, the application of knowledge management in schools has attracted extensive attention, and the research areas are related to school education, management and other fields. It can be said that the application of knowledge management in schools plays an important part in the improvement of schools’ core-competitiveness. Well then, can we bring the concept and technology of knowledge management to the mental crisis intervention in schools in order to realize the sharing of knowledge on mental crisis, the improvement of ability to intervene the mental crisis and ultimately the healthy development of college students?Firstly, this paper is on college students’ mental crisis in order to provide data and theory support for the construction of Knowledge Management System on College Students’ Mental Crisis, including the types, characteristics, causes, forms and intervention measures. Secondly, it mainly tells about the related concepts of knowledge management and its major technical support-Case Based Reasoning, and analyses the feasibility and necessity of the application in college students’ mental crisis. Finally, the author proposes the construction and the realization of the system.The system relies on mental crisis preventive intervention and is implemented by case-based reasoning technology. It is mainly on the study and education of knowledge on mental Crisis. On the one hand it helps students and teachers studying and reflecting with the case base; on the other hand with the case retrieve, case revise, case review, the publication and accumulation of cases provided by the system, teachers can achieve a provision of crisis decision-making. In a word, the construction of the system can provide a platform for college students and teachers to access, share, communicate and innovate the knowledge on mental crisis, which is the embodiment of concept on mental health education-"Help People to Help Themselves". It can prevent the occurrence of college students’ mental crisis fundamentally.更多还原