【作者】 李玲；

【导师】 赵晓光； 王铮；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 陕北侏罗纪煤田分布于陕西省榆林市府谷、神木、榆阳、横山、定边、靖边等县区,目前分为三大矿区进行开发,即神府矿区、榆神矿区和榆横矿区,总分布面积27 140km2。陕北是我国未来能源工业最具开发潜力的地区,为了使区域资源开发与生态环境实现持续健康发展,在单因素评价法和综合评价法的基础上,选择环境承载力相对剩余率模型,对区域的环境承载力进行了研究,得到以下结论。⑴按适宜人口承载量计算,本区土地资源承载力严重超载。经过预测,随着粮食产量的提高,到2010年本区土地基本能供养当地的人口。⑵神府矿区和榆神矿区水资源承载力相对较强,榆横矿区相对不足,但是水资源承载的高度不稳定性,使得区域内难以长期承载耗水量大的煤田工业。⑶矿区生态弹性度:神府>榆神>榆横;矿区资源环境承载力:神府>榆横>榆神;矿区生态环境压力指数:神府>榆神>榆横。区域总体生态承载力脆弱,系统稳定性较低,对可能的环境变化、污染和破坏的抵御能力较低,必须加强生态系统恢复建设,减压与增载并举。⑷区域综合环境承载力:环境承载力相对剩余率模型的计算结果表明:榆神矿区的综合环境承载能力较强(1.1897);榆横矿区次之(-0.0668);神府矿区经过近年来的开采已经严重超载(-0.0729),不宜高强度和大面积的开采,应继续推行土地复垦及相关生态补偿机制政策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jurassic Coalfield of northern Shaanxi Province,with a total area of 27 140 km2,which located in Yulin City of Shaanxi Province, including Fugu,Shenmu,Yu Yang, Hengshan, Jingbian, and Dingbian County, is divided into three main mining areas: Shenfu mining area, Yushen mining area and Yuheng mining area.As the energy industry region, Northern Shaanxi Provice is one of the most potential region in China. In order to keep regional resource exploration and the ecological environment sustainable and healthy development,in the analysis of single and comprehensive elements evaluation methods, the paper,by calculating relative surplus ratio of environmental carrying capacity,study on the the specific regional environmental carrying capacity and the conclusions are as follows:Firstly, the calculated result of the quantity of loading appropriate population show that the area of land resources capacity is serious overloading. After forecasts, as increased food production by 2010, the land can support basic local population.Secondly, water resource capacity of Shenfu and Yushen is relatively strong compared withYuheng. However, the instability of water carrying in the region makes it difficult to carry Coal Industry in a long time which consuming large quantity of water.Thirdly, ecological flexibility: Shenfu> Yushen> Yuheng; resources and environment capacity: Shenfu> Yuheng> Yushenfu; ecological environment pressure index:Shenfu > Yushenfu> Yuheng.Overall, the region,with fragile ecological carrying capacity and low stability system, have weak capacity to resist potential environmental changes, pollution and destruction.So it is necessary to strengthen the construction of ecosystem restoration,to decrease the the pressure and to increase the capacity.Forthly, the results of environmental capacity relative residual rate model show that: the Yushen mining area have much environmental carrying capacity (1.1897)than the other two, followed by Yuheng mine (-0.0668); After years of Mining, Shenfu mining area has been seriously overloading (-0.0729).In conclusion,high-intensity and large-area mining is inappropriate.We should continue to implement the policy of ecological compensation mechanism,land reclamation and related.更多还原