【作者】 刘芳芳；

【导师】 秦智伟；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 蔬菜农药残留不仅严重影响到人体的健康,也影响到出口创汇。本实验以28份黄瓜种质资源为试验材料,将黄瓜常用的3种农药喷施于植株上,统一喷施药液,采摘果实后进行检测。用气相色谱法分析检测3种农药的残留量,从中筛选出低农药残留量的黄瓜特异种质资源,并从形态特征和生物学特性方面初步研究了黄瓜种质资源低农药残留量评价的鉴定指标。主要研究结果如下:1.明确了黄瓜种质资源低农药残留性的植物学形态特征低农残资源叶片多为多为绿色、叶形不定、叶姿为下垂、叶缘形状为浅锯齿型、叶面积相对较小;高农残资源的叶片多为深绿、叶形不定、叶姿为平展、叶缘形状为波状、叶面积相对较大。2.建立了黄瓜种质资源低农药残留性评价指标体系叶面积、主蔓粗、临界表面张力与农药残留量极显著正相关,可以作为鉴定黄瓜农药残留量高低的指标。建立了评价黄瓜种质资源农药残留性评价指标体系回归方程,方程为:Y=-0.4529+0.0004 X₁+0.0007 X₂+0.0070 X₃式中:Y:农药残留量;X₁:叶面积;X₂:主蔓粗;X₃:临界表面张力可以利用这个回归方程对种质资源的低农药残留性进行评价。3.筛选出低农药残留的黄瓜品种类型和种质资源得到农药残留量与生态类型的大致关系:华南型农残量相对最高,其次为华北型,欧洲型含量略低于华北型,腌渍型的农残含量相对最低。筛选出低农药残留的黄瓜品种9份。4.无相关性的性状指标叶形、叶片蜡质含量、上、下表皮气孔密度、瓜长、瓜横径、瓜皮色和瓜刺瘤稀密不能作为鉴定黄瓜品种农药残留高低的指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pesticide residues in vagetable not only impact earning foreign exchange and but also influence on consumer health. Utilizing 28 Cucumber plant as materials,3 pesticides （Deltamethrin, Propamocarb, Myclobutanil）were sprayed on experiment cucumber plants at the same time. The fruits were plucked, and their pesticide residue contents were determined and analyzed by gas chromatography. The cultivars or lines with pesticide-resistance had been screened, and the relative resistance mechanism was studied by morphological characteristic and biological peculiarity. The main results were as fellows:1.Definituding botanical modality indicators of cucumber germplasm resources with low pesticide residues content.We gained reference indicators of low prsticide residue, varieties with low prsticide residues surface character are green, pendulous leaf stance、low indention edge shape and less leaf area;high prsticide residues surface character are olive-drab color smooth leaf stance、undulant edge shape and biggish leaf area.2.Establishing indicator system of cucumber germplasm resources with low pesticide residues content.There are remarkable correlation between leaf area、tendril thick、critical surface tension and Pesticide residues content,they can act as critical index.Establishing a indicator system regression equation about evaluating cucumber germplasm resources with low pesticide residues content. The equation is:Y=-0.4529+ 0.0004 X₁+ 0.0007 X₂+ 0.0070 X₃Thereinto: Y: Pesticide residues; X₁: Leaf area; X₂: Tendril thick; X₃: critical surface tensionThe regression equation can be used to evaluate cucumber germplasm resources with low pesticide residues content.3.Screening cucumber varieties and germplasm resources with low Pesticide residues content.We gained approximately connection between pesticide residues content and type .There are 9 germplasm resources with low pesticide residues content.4. Irrespective figure index of pesticide residue.Shape、wax content、stomatal density of leaf and length, width, tegument color, burl density of cucumber fruit can not be critical indicators of cucumber germplasm resources with low Pesticide residues.更多还原