【作者】 曲晓斌；

【导师】 李莉；

【作者基本信息】 青海大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究采用卫星“实践八号”对循化线辣椒的种子进行搭载处理,通过对循化线辣椒M1代的主要农艺性状、生理学特性、孢粉学特性和总蛋白表达等的分析获得如下结果。(1)太空搭载处理提高了循化线辣椒种子的活力,并且M1代株高、茎粗增大,果实横径增粗,果肉加厚,平均果肉重增加。从太空搭载处理的M1代主要农艺性状的变异情况来看,正向变异居多,而且株高、茎粗、果横径、果纵径、果肉厚、平均单果重和干物质含量等产量性状的变异系数皆大于对照,这就为按育种目标进行的后代选择提供了丰富的变异来源和选择空间。(2)太空搭载对循化线辣椒M1代的生理特性影响较大。太空搭载处理后的循化线辣椒M1代叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量和总叶绿素含量都比对照要高,并且差异达到极显著水平;叶绿素a/b的值有所降低但差异不显著;叶片可溶性蛋白含量小于对照,差异性也不显著;虽然辐射处理的果实VC含量的平均值小于对照,且差异性也都达到了极显著水平,但辐射处理的果实VC含量的变异系数要大于对照,并且VC含量最大值比对照的最大值要大,为从其后代中选育出高VC含量的新品系打下坚实的基础。(3)M1代花粉在形状上出现了畸形,皱缩和空洞等性状的变化;与对照相比,M1代花粉的大小也比对照要小,并且差异达到极显著水平;M1代花粉育性降低,与对照存在显著差异,并且在M1代中发现一株花粉半不育的10A1。(4)经过辐射处理的循化线辣椒M1代的总蛋白电泳谱带结果与对照存在不同程度的差异,说明总蛋白表达的差异是太空诱变导致基因变异表达的结果;M1代总蛋白电泳谱带结果之间的差异表明太空辐射诱变引起的变异是广泛的、不定向的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main agronomic traits, physiology characters, palynology traits and full protein expression of M1 generation were analyzed after seeds of Xunhua line pepper were carried by the satellite“practice on the 8th”.The results showed as follows:1.The seeds vigor was increased,and the plant height,stem width,fruit width,fruit flesh and average fruit weight were increased all. The main Agronomic traits of M1 generation had more positive mutation. The yield traits such as plant height, stem width, fruit width, fruit length, flesh thickness of fruit, average weight of single fruit and dry matter were great than CK, these provide many mutation sources for Mutation Progeny Selection.2.Satellite-carried had much more effect on physiology characters of M1 generation. The content of Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and total Chlorophyll was more than CK., and had significant difference level; The value of Chlorophyll a/ Chlorophyll b decreased but had no significant difference; solubility protein of leaves was lower than CK, and had no significant difference; Although the Vc content of radiated fruits was lower than CK, the variation coefficient was higher than CK, and the max of Vc content was higher than the max of CK, these provide basis to select new line from mutation progeny.3.The pollen shape of M1 generation had some changes such as abnormality, crimple and empty; The pollen size of M1 generation was small than CK, and had significant difference level; The Pollen fertility of M1 generation was decreased, and had significant difference, and discovered a Semi-sterile plant——10A1.4.The Electrophoresis bands of total protein of XunHua line pepper M1 was difference with CK in some extent, this showed that Satellite -induction leaded to the change of gene expression, then directly leaded to the change of total protein expression; The Electrophoresis bands of M1 total protein showed that the variations came from Satellite -induction was extensive and nondirective.更多还原