【作者】 林宁；

【导师】 谢尚果；

【作者基本信息】 广西民族大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 我国设置行政诉讼制度的最终目的,主要是为了保护相对人的合法权益。被告资格作为行政诉讼制度的重要组成部分,对保护相对人的合法权益、顺利实现相对人的诉权起着关键的作用。我国行政诉讼被告资格制度在行政诉讼制度发展之初起过积极的作用,但随着社会的发展,特别是近些年来,该制度暴露的问题越来越严重,改革势在必行。目前,被告资格制度产生的问题是:相对人确定被告难,法院认定被告难。反观国外的被告资格制度,发达国家在被告资格制度的设置上却相对简单、实用,相对人起诉并不存在很大的问题。他们采取的是形式被告的做法,目的是让相对人顺利的实现诉权,维护自己的权益。为此,国家愿意承担诉讼的风险。根据我国的实际,我国也应当采取方便相对人诉讼为主要目的的原则,以形式当事人主义方式确定行政诉讼的被告,逐步完善我国的行政诉讼制度。文章共分为五个部分,各部分的主要内容是:第一部分行政诉讼被告之理论分析,概述了行政诉讼制度建立以来理论界对被告的定位,并分析了行政诉讼被告与民事诉讼被告的异同。第二部分是关于行政主体的概述,阐述了我国与其他大陆法系国家在关于行政主体理论上存在的异同及其成因,并对行政诉讼被告与行政主体的关系进行了分析。第三部分是对我国传统行政诉讼被告确立规则的反思,论述了我国传统上确立被告资格的标准,以及该标准存在的问题。第四部分是对国外行政诉讼被告资格制度的考察,概述德、美、法、日、韩等五国行政诉讼被告资格制度的实践,以期对中国形成借鉴意义。第五部分是对我国行政诉讼被告资格制度的重构,主要论述了重构我国被告资格制度的理论基础、确立的方法以及确立的标准,从而形成一个完整的被告资格制度的设置。更多还原

【Abstract】 Our country establishes the administrative proceedings system’s final goal, is mainly to protect the relative person’s legitimate rights and interests. The defendant qualifications take the administrative proceedings system’s important component, to protects the relative person’s legitimate rights and interests, to realize the relative person’s right of suit to play the key role smoothly. Our country administrative proceedings defendant qualifications system has played the positive role at the beginning of the administrative proceedings system development, but along with society’s development, recent year, this system exposition’s question is specially getting more and more serious, reforms imperative. At present, the defendant qualifications system produces the question is: The relative person definite defendant is difficult, the court recognized that the defendant is difficult. Reviews the overseas defendant qualifications system, the developed country relatively is actually simple in the defendant qualifications system’s establishment, practical, the relative person sues does not have the very big problem. What they adopt is the form defendant’s procedure, the goal is lets the relative person smooth realize the right of suit, maintains own rights and interests. Therefore, the country is willing to undertake the lawsuit risk. According to our country’s reality, our country must adopt the convenience relative person lawsuit for the main purpose principle, by the form litigant principle way determination administrative proceedings’ defendant, consummates our country’s administrative proceedings system gradually.The article altogether divides into five parts, various part of primary coverages are:Since of theoretical analysis the first part of administrative proceedings defendant, has outlined the administrative proceedings system building the theorists to defendant’s localization, and has analyzed the administrative proceedings defendant and the civil action defendant’s similarities and differences.The second part is about the administrative main body outline, elaborated our country with other mainland legal system country in the similarities and differences which and the origin exists theoretically about the administrative main body, and has carried on the analysis to the administrative proceedings defendant and the administrative main body’s relations.The third part is establishes the rule to our country tradition administrative proceedings defendant the resonsideration, elaborated in our country tradition to establish the defendant qualifications the standard, as well as this standard existence question.The fourth part is to the overseas administrative proceedings defendant qualifications system’s inspection, outlines Germany, US, France, the Japan and South Korea and so on five country administrative proceedings defendant qualifications system’s practice, forms by the time to China profits from the significance.The fifth part is to our country administrative proceedings defendant qualifications system’s restructuring, mainly elaborated has restructured our country defendant qualifications system’s rationale, the establishment method as well as the establishment standard, thus formed a complete defendant qualifications system’s establishment.更多还原