【作者】 张兵涛；

【导师】 时良平；

【作者基本信息】 北京邮电大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业自动化、计算机网络技术的发展,变频控制系统在工业生产中,特别在油田抽油机监控系统中获得越来越广泛的应用,而且随着通用无线分组业务(GPRS)的发展,为移动用户和数据网络之间提供一种链接,为移动用户提供高速无线IP通信功能,从而实现将变频控制系统的控制信息和反馈信息以IP包的形式通过Internet/GPRS无线传输给监控平台,实现对抽油机等电机终端设备的无线远程监控。在现代油田工业实际应用中,除了需要实时监控变频器,以及由变频器驱动的抽油机等电机终端的各种状态外,还需要能根据采集到的电机状态数据和设备资料信息,制订对抽油机综合评价指标体系,提高油田抽油机等设备管理决策的科学性。当前油田的抽油机远程变频监控系统和关于设备的决策支持系统都是独立的系统,造成了油田管理和监控一体化的瓶颈,不利于油田企业生产效率的提高,因此需要一种能将这两种系统进行无缝结合的监控决策支持系统,使油田实现企业的信息化。本文将首先分析变频系统常用的行业油田抽油机系统的监控流程的特点,重点根据油田自动化信息系统建设的方略,采用CIMS(计算机集成制造系统)的设计思想,提出通用的监控决策支持管理平台的设计构架,将油田自动化信息系统建设的变频监控系统、抽油机决策支持管理系统,油田企业的ERP管理系统、进行高度集成,建设成为含ERP(企业资源计划)管理思想,决策支持管理系统,SCADA(工业监控和数据采集)的管理和监控一体化的通用监控决策支持管理平台。然后将最先进的GPRS/DTU无线网络技术应用到抽油机变频系统中,应用DTU透明传输的功能,使远程监控的抽油机对象参数(如电流、电压、频率,有效功率,无效功率等数据及故障报警信号)通过GPRS无线方式实时传输给平台的变频监控系统,实现同时对不同地点的抽油机进行远程监控,通过数据库的存储技术,能够及时掌握终端的运行状况,对采集的数据进行综合分析,然后结合抽油机设备的基本信息,通过决策支持管理系统,对抽油机指标进行综合评价,为企业生产的高效,管理的统一性提供有力的技术支持。最后选择具备硬件死区功能,支持多路SPWM输出的凌阳公司的16位变频专用单片机(SPMC75F2313A)作为变频控制器的主要组成部分,提出改进后的固定正弦数组,定时值非实时计算SPWM载波输出算法,减小谐波分量所占能量的比重,使正弦波的输出平滑,从而能更有效的减少抽油机电机负载的损耗,提高负载寿命。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of industrial automation and computer network technology, the variable frequency control system in industrial production, particularly in the oil field pumping unit monitoring system, was more and more widely used, and with the development of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), it provide a link between users and mobile data network for high-speed wireless IP communications functions, thereby achieving inverter control system information and feedback in the form of IP packets to the Internet / GPRS wireless transmission to the monitoring platforms, and achieve wireless remote monitoring for the pumping unit, and other electrical devices.In the practical application of modern oil industry, in addition to the real-time monitoring converter and pumping driven by the inverter such as the various state motor terminals, but also needs to be collected in accordance with the historical data, equipment data and information, the formulation Pumping on the comprehensive evaluation index system, raise the oil pumping equipment, such as the scientific nature of the management decision-making. At present oilfield pumping frequency remote equipment monitoring system and the decision support system are independent systems, resulting in the management and control of the oilfield integration bottlenecks, make the detriment of oilfield production efficiency of the enterprise, so needing a can This seamless combination of the two systems monitoring decision support system, so that the oilfield enterprise information.At first, this paper will analysis the characteristics of the oilfield pumping control systems which commonly use the inverter system, and mainly in accordance with the construction of oilfield automation information systems strategy, using CIMS (Computer Integrated Manufacturing System) designing idea, put forward a common support decision-making control management platform, it will be composed of automated information construction oilfield Frequency Monitoring System, pumping management decision support system and the oil field of ERP enterprise management system, making them for a high degree of integration, with a building ERP (enterprise resource planning) management thinking, decision support management system , SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) integration of the management and monitoring of the common control decision support management platform.Then using the most advanced GPRS / DTU wireless network technology for the pumping frequency system, the application of DTU transparent transmission functions, allowing the remote monitoring of pumping parameters (such as current, voltage, frequency, active power, power void data and fault alarm signal) to using GPRS wireless real-time transmission to the Frequency Monitoring System platform,and achieviing on the pumping unit for remote monitoring at the same time in different locations, through the database storage technology, we will grasp the operations of the terminal in time, make A comprehensive analysis for the data collected,and then with the basic information of pumping equipment, through the management decision support system, make the pumping comprehensive evaluation indicators, so that Improve the production efficient highly, and unify management to provide strong technical support.Finally, we choice the hardware which Sunplus company produces the MCU 16 Frequency (SPMC75F2313A) variable frequency controller, it have the dead-zone functionality and support SPWM multi-channel output ,so using it as a key component of the System, then we propose modified sine array of fixed, regular non-value Real-time calculation algorithm SPWM carrier output, reducing the harmonic component of the proportion of energy, smooth sine wave output, so it will be more effectively to reduce pumping motor load loss, increased load life.更多还原