【作者】 樊伟；

【导师】 白晋涛；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 光学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 油气井下的压力温度信息是进行地层油气含量分析的重要依据。然而,电子类传感手段都容易受电磁干扰、测量精度不高、实时性差,因高温高压环境而只能短期测试。光纤光栅传感器能够对井下压力温度进行永久的实时在线分布式检测,成为解决上述难题的突破点。本文对光纤光栅传感器的基本理论以及技术进行了系统的研究,主要包括光纤光栅传感机理、温度以及压力响应增敏技术,封装聚合物材料的热学和力学特性、聚合物封装光纤光栅传感原理以及封装固化工艺,针对油气井下等高温高压测量环境,提出采用聚合物封装光纤光栅实现测量的方案,实现对较高温度以及压力的区分测量,围绕以上各方面进行了大量实验,并对实验结果进行了详细深入的分析。最后针对高温高压油气井的要求,设计了基于弹性圆形简封装的FBG温度和压力传感器。对传感器温度27—196℃、压力0—44MPa范围进行了实验研究,得到温度传感器的响应灵敏度为0.0112nm/℃,压力传感器的响应灵敏度为0.0302nm/MPa,精度为±1℃和±0.1MPa。更多还原

【Abstract】 The information of pressure and temperature in downhole environments offers an important foundation for analysis of oil and gas reserves in different stratum in a well. However the electronic sensing method for these information often suffers electromagnetic interference, and has low measure precision and transmission rate. Also it can but operate for a short term because of high pressure and high temperature in downhole. Since fiber grating sensor can permanently detect the pressure and temperature of different stratum in a well in real time, it has been a breakthrough in solving the above problems.This thesis focuses on the basic theoretical and technical researches on the optical fiber grating sensors, including the sensing mechanism of fiber gratings, the increasing of temperature and pressure sensitivity of optical fiber gratings, the temperature and mechanics characteristic; the sensing principle of optic fiber grating sensor with polymer package, the coating and solidifying technology of polymer. A simple and practical method for the measurement of temperature and pressure aim at the measurement the high temperature and pressure at oil and gas bottom line is proposed, its feasibility is proved through a great deal of experiments.Finally, FBG temperature sensor and FBG pressure sensor are proposed by a elastic cylinder to resist the high temperature and pressure in the oil/gas down-hole. The FBG temperature sensor is tested from 27°C to 196°C and FBG pressure sensor is tested from 0MPa to 44MPa. Fromhe experimental results ,the temperature response sensitivity of FBG temperature is 0.0112nm/°C and presicion is±1°C ,the pressure response sensitivity of FBG pressure is 0.0302nm/MPa and presicion is±0.1MPa.更多还原