PMMA/PAN碳纳米管前驱体的制备与表征

【作者】 陈敏；

【导师】 王霞；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 有机化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以研制可用于采用聚合物加工技术制备碳纳米管的前驱体为目的,着重研究了窄分散PMMA/PAN核/壳复合粒子的无皂乳液聚合技术。本文首先以过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,采用无皂乳液聚合技术成功合成窄分散的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)乳液,研究了聚合温度和MMA/KPS(质量比)对PMMA无皂乳液分散体系稳定性的影响。然后以PMMA乳液作为种子乳液、丙烯腈(AN)为第二单体,过硫酸钾为引发剂,采用吸附法制备出具有核/壳结构的窄分散PMMA/PAN无皂复合粒子,即碳纳米管前驱体。系统研究了反应过程中各因素对聚合物粒径大小及其分布的影响规律。同时还研究了吐温型表面活性剂对核/壳粒子的稳定性作用。本论文采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)对PMMA粒子、PMMA/PAN复合粒子的形态结构进行了观察,发现两种粒子的表面形态有很大的不同,且PMMA/PAN粒子具有核/壳结构;借助傅立叶红外光谱(IR)表征了PMMA/PAN复合粒子的分子链化学组成;通过X射线衍射(XRD)对PMMA/PAN复合粒子中PAN结晶性进行了表征。将制备所得的PMMA/PAN粒子通过氧化、炭化等热处理工艺制备了可用于储氢材料的碳纳米空心球。本论文还通过无皂乳液聚合技术合成了聚丙烯腈粒子,并将聚丙烯腈粒子作为前驱体,通过氧化、炭化等热处理工艺制备了质量稳定、粒径可控且产率高的碳纳米球。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this paper is to study the preparation of carbon nanotubes’precursor which uses the technology of polymer manufacture. The emphasis of this study is the technology of emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of the mono-dispersed .PMMA/PAN core-shell particles.Firstly,in this paper, mono-dispersed PMMA latex particles were first prepared by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization, in which MMA acted as monomers and KPS acted as initiator.The effect factors such as temperature and MMA/KPS (the ratio of quality)which effect the emulsion stabilization of PMMA were investigated in details Then PMMA/PAN core-shell particles were prepared by an adsorption polymerization, in which mono-dispersed PMMA latex particles prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization acted as seed latex, AN acted as monomers of shell, and KPS acted as initiator.The factors which effected the size and distribution of particles were investigated in details.At the same time, the mixing of nonionic surfactant on stabilizing core/shell particles were also studied.In this paper, the morphology of PMMA particles, PMMA/PAN composite particle were observed by SEM and TEM.It was observed that the surface of two particles were very different and PMMA / PAN particles were found with core-shell structure.The crystallization and the composition of the molecular chain of PMMA/PAN composite particles were characterized by FTIR and XRD respectively.PMMA/PAN particles were acted as precursor, hollow carbon nanospheres with high hydrogen storagabilty were synthsized by the technology of oxidation and carbonization.In this paper, the PAN paticles were synthsized by the technology of emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization. The carbon nanospheres which got stable quality and high production were made of the precursor of PAN particles by the technology of oxidation and carbonization.更多还原