【作者】 王盈；

【导师】 贾铁飞；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以上海市1987年、1995年、2003年和2006年4期Landsat TM遥感影像提取相关的土地利用/覆盖变化数据,并结合相关的生活生产消费资料,运用ArcGIS和ERDAS等软件在上海市西南区建立两条在空间上连续的典型城市化样带,重构了城市化发展的空间递推性和时间延续性的过程:通过分析样带土地利用动态变化特征,正确把握规律,采用生态足迹方法提取样带内人均生态占用和供给,计算人类生态质量指数和波动指数;根据景观格局分析法将区域环境安全指数引入发达地区城市化过程研究中;运用灰色关联分析,不仅找出影响样带各类土地利用类型面积变化的主要驱动力因素,且对其影响大小进行因子排序;从三个角度比较全面地刻画了样带城、乡区域LUCC过程及其社会经济驱动力。研究表明:1.空间上,样带城市边缘从近郊向远郊区域推进时,样带总体人类生态质量指数不高(19.04),人类生态正向波动幅度不大(0.99)。近郊区是城市化发展辐射的直接影响区,随着近郊区进入城市范围,两种不同性质的土地利用类型发生转变,原来属于近郊的区域必然存在一个变化剧烈带,出现景观格局多样性指数的峰值,因此土地利用程度综合指数低值的存在预示着其峰值的到来。2.时间上,1987-2003年随着城市化的推进,景观格局多样性指数逐年提高,在生态环境承受阈限内,有助于增加生态环境系统的稳定性,因此其环境安全指数较高(0.91)。2006年近郊部分区域转变为城市区域,样带人类生态正向波动剧烈,IHEQ2003高达86.88,环境安全指数开始下降(0.85),标志着城市化和人类活动对土地生态系统生产力的压力和环境影响的负效应增大。3.建成区用地和交通用地面积变化分别与城市化水平提高的驱动力关联系数为0.965和0.966,样带城市化所占用的建设用地和交通用地近几年增加很快,导致建成区面积迅速扩大。耕地面积变化与农业人口比重的关联系数为0.962,随着农村人口逐年转为城镇人口,城市化占用耕地的面积逐年增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper adopted ArcGIS, ERDAS, etc. to analyze two typical urbanization sample zones which are consecutive in the space. Reconstruct the recursion of the urban space development and the continuity of time. The data set consisted of land use/land cover (created using three Landsat5 TM images of the area for 1987, 1995, 2003 and 2006) and the socio-economic statistics. By analyzing samples with dynamic change of land use characteristic and correct grasp of the rule, the human ecological quality index and human ecological fluctuation index were calculated by extracting per capital ecological footprint and supply. According to landscape pattern analysis, the regional environmental safety index was introduced to the developed regions in the process of urbanization. Not only identified the main driving forces impacts on the various types of land use through the grey relevant analysis, but also sorted the driving factors. This paper also compared the land use process of urban, the rural regions and the socio-economic driving forces from three perspectives.From the research: 1.In space, with the changing of the urban fringe from the suburbs to the exurban, the human ecological quality index of sample zones is not getting higher (19.04). At the same time, the human ecology positive fluctuation index is limited (0.99). Suburban areas are directly affected by the urbanization regions. With the suburban areas entered the urbanization regions, two different type of land use have been changed. There is the peak of landscape pattern index due to the dramatic change in the original suburban areas. Therefore, the lowest land using degree composite index indicates the arrival of the peak.2. In time, the diversity index of landscape pattern had increased year by year with the development of urbanization from 1987 to 2003, which benefits the stability of ecology environment systems under the threshold of ecology environment. The index of environmental security was high (0.91). The human ecological positive fluctuation was getting acutely with the turning of the sample regions from suburb into urban in 2006, IHEQ2003 increased up to 86.88. The index of environmental security started to decline (0.85). These indicated that urbanization and human activities have brought much negative effect on the land ecosystem productivity and ecological environment.3. The correlative modulus of built-up land and traffic land acreage with the forces urbanization are 0.965 and 0.966. The built-up land has been expanding rapidly and was mainly transferred into the residential land and traffic land. The correlative modulus of farmland acreage and the proportion of the agricultural population are 0.962. The occupation of farmland area has increased year by year with the rural population turning into the urban population.更多还原