【作者】 李琼志；

【导师】 王新强；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 学校体育是学校贯彻和实施素质教育的一个重要环节,学校体育首先必须要和学校整体素质教育挂钩,全面加强学校体育,改善、提高教师素质和学校体育状况,已经成为教育改革和发展的必然要求。学校体育发展的滞后,会严重影响体育新课程标准的实现,最终会影响国民素质的整体水平提高和我国体育事业的健康发展,因此,研究新课程标准下义务教育学校体育的现状有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法等方法对长沙地区的三类不同地区的义务教育学校体育现状进行了分析。发现,长沙地区体育教师的女男比例较低,其中还存在部分兼职教师,而且不同区域间差距明显,尤其是三类地区女性体育教师极为缺乏,男女教师的比例严重失衡;生师比和班师比不尽合理,尤其是专职教师与学生的比例过大,城乡之间差距大。经济发达地区体育教师年龄结构较为合理,但是在经济不发达的农村,体育教师年龄偏大,职称结构也不尽合理。长沙地区学校小学基本上每周开设的体育课是2—3课时,但是2课时的居多,而在三类地区没有开设3课时体育课的,初级中学体育课每周都是2课时,只有少数农村学校的体育课只有1课时。从教师上课的准备来看,三类地区明显落后于一、二类地区,一、二类地区体育课开设的内容和教师在课堂上使用的教学方法也远远比三类地区丰富。大部分的小学都开展课外体育活动,但有随年级的增长课外体育活动的开展有减少;初中的情况看,同一类地区,开设课外体育活动的比例是低年级高于高年级;学校的体育场地质量,一类地区好于二、三类地区。从人均的体育场地面积看,二类地区最好,三类地区最低。教师办公的条件城乡之间差异也非常明显。影响长沙市义务教育学校体育发展的主要因素有政策体制因素、资金投入因素、教师理念因素、教师素质因素等等。针对长沙市义务教育学校体育中存在的问题,我们提出改善农村教育的办学条件,办好每一所农村中小学,努力缩小城乡教育差距。改变教师观念,提高教师素质。加大教师的对口支援力度。提高各级教育行政部门对体育作为一门必修课程重要性的认识。教育行政职能部门和有关研究机构应尽快制定体育教师职业资格标准,规范体育教师的任职资格。加强督导检查,强化管理的钢性作用要保证学生的课外体育活动时间。落实必要的物质保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 The School sports is an important link that the school carries through and implements education for all-round development. The School sports has to link with the school whole education for all-round development. Strengthening the school athletics, improving completely, raising teacher’s character and athletics teaching condition have already become the inevitable request of education reform and development. The lag of School sports development will influence the realization of the athletics new course standard seriously, and finally it will even influence the whole level of citizen’s character exaltation and the healthy development of the athletics business of our country. Therefore, the present condition which studies new course standard to descend compulsory School sports contains important theories worth and realistic meaning.This text carries analysis on the methods of the compulsory educational School sports in three different regions of Changsha through the ways of Cultural heritage data and questionnaire survey etc. We have found that the number of female athletic teacher is much less than the male, some of them are even part-time teachers. Furthermore, there is an obvious difference in different districts. Particularly, in the third type of region, the female teachers are in extremely need. The comparison between the female and male is seriously out of balance. It is also unreasonable of the comparison between teacher to class and class to teacher, especially between the full-time teacher and the students. Besides , there is also a big margin between the city and country. The age structure of physical teacher in economic flourishing region is reasonable, but in the undeveloped village, the athletics teacher’s age is tending to be a little old with an unreasonable structure. The athletics lesson in the primary schools of Changsha is basically 2-3 sections, but mostly are 2. In the third type of region, there even hasn’t set up 3 sections. Meanwhile there are usually 2 sections in junior high schools every weeks, only a handful of village schools have one section. From the point of teacher’s preparation for class, the third type of region gets obviously behind with 1,2 types, the contents of the athletics lessons and the teaching method in the 1,2 types of region are much more vivid and interesting than the third type of region. .Greatly part of primary schools all open an athletics activities outside the exhibition lessons, but with the gradually increasing grades, athletics activities outside the lessons become less and lessSeeing from the circumstance of junior high school, in the same type of region, the comparison, which opens the exhibition lesson outside athletics activity, is that the junior class is higher than the higher class. The quality of school measures in the first type of region is better than that of the other two. From the personal area of athletic ground, the second type is the best, and the third one is the worst. In addition, the gap between the city teacher’s transact condition and the country teacher’s is also very obvious.The main factor of influencing the teaching development of the compulsory education School sports includes funds devotion, teacher’s principle, teacher’s character and policy system etc. Aim at the existent problem in long compulsory education School sports in Changsha City, we put forward improving the educational condition in the village. We not only do it well , but also should make great effort to contract the education margin between the city and the country. For example, changing teacher’s ideas, raising teacher’s character. The most important thing is that the understanding to the athletics of all levels’ Education Administration must be improved, and they must regarded it as an important required course. The Education Administration with relevant research institutions should draw up a standard for teacher’s occupation qualification as soon as possible in order to regulate athletic teachers’ working qualification. They should strengthen the councilor’ checks and steel function so as to ensure students’ athletics activity time outside lessons. Meanwhile, they should Carry out a necessary material guarantee.更多还原