【作者】 迟春艳；

【导师】 石波；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 农产品加工与贮藏工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以无花果叶、长松萝为原料,用石油醚(60-90℃)进行粗提取,减压蒸发掉石油醚,得到无花果叶粗提物浸膏和长松萝粗提物。利用高速逆流色谱法进行分离纯化无花果叶、长松萝粗提物。通过多次试验,确定分离纯化无花果叶粗提物的高速逆流色谱溶剂体系为正己烷:乙酸乙酯:甲醇:水为(1:1:1:1 v/v),长松萝粗提物高速逆流色谱溶剂体系为正己烷:乙腈:乙酸乙酯:水(8:7:5:0.8 v/v)。通过高速逆流色谱的一次分离,一次进样无花果叶粗提物浸膏200mg可得到补骨脂素4.4 mg佛手内酯2.1 mg;一次进样长松萝粗提物25mg可获得松萝酸纯品11.2mg。高效液相色谱确定所得补骨脂素纯度为99.1%,佛手内酯纯度为98.2%,松萝酸纯度为99%以上。由质谱、核磁共振确定所得补骨脂素、佛手内酯、松萝酸的化学结构。将无花果叶80%醇提物和长松萝石油醚粗提物进行小鼠的急性亚急性及促生长实验。结果表明,无花果叶提取物属于无毒受试物,5.0g/kg.d的剂量对雄性小鼠有轻度促生长作用,对雌性小鼠无作用。无花果叶提取物5.0g/kg.d剂量可以使雌性和雄性小鼠肝脏重量显著增加,1.0g/kg.d剂量可明显提高雄性小鼠胸腺重量,对肾脏和脾脏无明显影响。长松萝粗提物属于低毒性受试物,长松萝提取物10mg/kg.d和50mg/kg.d剂量组小鼠生长状况均良好,能显著增加雄性幼鼠体重,同时对雌性幼鼠的生长也有促进作用。200mg/kg对雌性和雄性幼鼠生长有一定抑制作用。三个剂量均使雌性和雄性小鼠肝脏重量显著增加,高剂量组的效果更显著。该提取物对胸腺、肾脏和脾脏重量无明显影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, light petroleum (b.p.: 60℃-90℃) was used to extract Ficus carica L leaves and Usnea.longissima, and then evaporated to get the crude extract. High-speed counter-current Chromatography (HSCCC) was applied for the isolation and purification of psoralen and bergapten from the plant Ficus carica L leaves, for isolation and purification of usnic acid from Usnea.longissima. The two-phase solvent system for separating psoralen and bergapten from the plant Ficus carica L leaves by HSCCC was n-Hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (1:1:1:1, v/v). The two-phase solvent system for separating usnic acid from Usnea.longissima by HSCCC was n-Hexane- acetonitrile - ethyl acetate -water (8:7:5:0.8 v/v). 4.4 mg of psoralen and 2.1 mg of bergapten were obtained from 200 mg of Ficus carica L leaves crude extract in one step separation. 11.2 mg of usnic acid was obtained from 25mg of Usnea.longissima crude extract. The purities of psoralen bergapten and usnic acid determined by HPLC which indicate that psoralen at 99.1%, bergapten at 98.2% purity, and usnic acid above 99%. The structures of psoralen bergapten and usnic acid were identified by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS. The crude extracts of Ficus carica L leaves by 80% ethanol and Usnea.longissima by light petroleum (b.p.: 60℃-90℃) were used to feed little mice, the mice’s growth performance was studied. The results indicated that the crude extract of Ficus carica L leaves was innocuous. 5.0 g/kg.d dosage can gently promote the growth of male mice, but have no effect on female mice. 5.0 g/kg.d dosage can obviously increase the weight of mice’s liver. 1.0 g/kg.d dosage can obviously increase the weight of male mice thymus, but no effect on kidney and spleen. The crude extract of Usnea.longissima was low noxious, 10 mg/kg.d and 50 mg/kg.d dosages can obviously increase the weight of little male mice, and also can promote the growth of little female mice. 200 mg/kg.d dosage can restrain the growth of little male and female mice. 10 mg/kg.d、50 mg/kg.d and 200 mg/kg dosages can observably increase the weight of rat liver especially high dosage. The crude extract of Usnea.longissima have no effect on thymus kidney and spleen.更多还原