【作者】 赵国君；

【导师】 程晋宽；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 促进教育的均衡发展是为国民提供均衡的教育机会和条件、实现教育公平的基本途径和前提,也是追求公平正义、构建和谐社会的基本途径和条件。而促进教育的均衡发展,首先要促进基础教育的均衡发展。实现基础教育的均衡发展,教育资源的均衡配置是核心,其中师资的均衡配置是关键。目前,我国基础教育师资配置在区域间、城乡间、校际间相差悬殊,已发展到严重失衡的状态,导致了“择校生、条子生、高价生”等愈演愈烈的择校现象,直接影响了基础教育全面、健康、均衡的发展,危及基础教育公平。因此,解决师资配置失衡的问题对促进基础教育的均衡发展,进而促进整个教育的均衡发展就显得非常的必要和紧迫,也是解决诸如“择校”等许多社会矛盾的有效手段。师资配置均衡化,不仅有利于教育公平的实现,也是实现基础教育和谐发展的必然要求。从我国区域发展的特殊国情出发,实现基础教育师资的均衡配置应该首先实现县域内的突破。如果县域内基础教育师资实现了均衡配置,就能够为市域、省域甚至全国基础教育师资的均衡配置提供扎实的基础和宝贵的经验。所以本研究对欠发达县(S县)进行了较为详细的调研分析。首先,笔者通过对S县基础教育师资配置现状的调查,发现教师队伍配置存在着:教师素质城乡存在差异;高职称教师城乡配置失衡;部分学科教师严重短缺;优质教师资源流失严重等问题。存在问题的成因主要是社会经济发展的不平衡;城乡有别的教师政策;“重点学校制度”;教师无序的、单向上位的不合理流动;学校管理不科学,缺乏支撑教师专业发展的平台;教师资格认定制度未能真正实施,教师聘任制作用有限;师资培训效果不佳。县域基础教育师资必须进行合理、优化配置,实现基础教育阶段师资配置均衡化。为此,笔者从实现县域基础教育阶段师资均衡配置的理念和策略两个维度进行了思考;在通过对县域基础教育阶段师资配置的理论基础、目标和实现县域基础教育阶段师资均衡配置的原则、方式的对比与选择的理论分析以及借鉴国内外基础教育阶段师资均衡配置的有益经验基础上,提出了实现县域基础教育阶段师资均衡配置的策略:建立高效公平的教师资源管理体制;抑制教师资源的无序流动;建立县域师资定期流动机制;构建适合教师需求的教师培训机制;强化学校师资管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Promoting the balanced development of education is not only the basic way and premise to provide a balanced national educational opportunities and conditions and to realize educational fairness, but also the basic way and condition to pursue fairness and justice and to build a harmonious society. And promoting the balanced development of education, first of all, is to promote the balanced development of basic education. The core of achieving a balanced development of basic education is the balanced allocation of education resources, while the balanced allocation of teachers among education resources is the key. At present, there are significant differences of the teacher resources allocation of basic education in china between different regions, urban and rural areas and different schools .The difference has been developed to the serious imbalance in the state, leading to the growing School Choice phenomenon of the "School Choice students, Tauzin students, Gao jia students", which directly affects the comprehensive, healthy, balanced develop- ment of basic education, endangering basic educational fairness. Therefore,the solution of the imbalanced teacher resources allocation problems is not only very necessary and urgent for promoting the balanced development of basic education, thus contributing to the balanced development of the whole education, but also the effective means of solving many social contradictions such as "School Choice" problem. Balanced teacher resources allocation of is not only helpful to the realization of educational fairness,but also the inevitable requirement for realizing the harmonious development of basic education. Considering the special national conditions in China’s regional development, to achieve a balanced teacher resources allocation of basic education should first achieve a breakthrough in county region. If the teacher resources of basic education can achieve a balanced allocation in the county, it will be able to provide a solid foundation and valuable experience in municipal, provincial and even national basic education teacher resources allocation. Therefore this study carries a more detailed investigation and analysis in the underdeveloped county (S county). Through the survey on teacher resources allocation of basic education in S County, the author found that teacher resources allocation is extremely unreasonable. For example: the differences in the teachers’quality between the urban and rural areas; the imbalanced allocation of Title high teachers between the urban and rural areas; the unreasonable allocation of excellent teachers between the urban and rural areas; the loss of good teachers. Furthermore, the author believes that the causes of existing the problems in teacher resources allocation of basic education in county are as follows: the socio- economic imbalance in different areas; different teachers policies between urban and rural areas; the system "focused on good schools "; the disordered, one-way、upper unreasonable teachers flowage; the unscientific school management;the lack of platform for supporting the professional development of teachers ;The unimplementation in fact of accreditation system for teachers; the limited role of Teacher Appoint- ment System; the poor effects of teacher training. The teacher resources allocation of basic education in county must be reasonable, optimize and achieve a balanced teacher resources allocation of basic education in the county. Therefore, the author thinks over the concept and strategy of two viewpoints to achieve a balanced teacher resources allocation of basic education in the county; based on theoretically analyzing the theoretical foundation of the teacher resources allocation of basic education in the county、the objectives、the principle、the choice of ways in comparison and learning from the useful experience in achieving a balanced teacher resources allocation of basic education at home and abroad, the author proposes the strategy in achieving a balanced teacher resources allocation of basic education in the county: First, Establish the high efficient and fair teacher resources management system;Second, inhibit the teachers disordered flowage;Third, establish the teacher regularly flowing mechanism in the County; Fourth, Set up the teachers training mechanism for meeting the teachers’demand and Fifth, Enforce management on school teachers.更多还原