盐城市大纵湖环境影响因子分析与生态修复对策研究

【作者】 袁苏琼；

【导师】 温作民； 卢铁农；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 林业， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本课题是盐城市大纵湖风景旅游度假区课题《大纵湖环境质量演变与环境控制规划》的延伸。从环境保护角度分析1985年度至2005年度,大纵湖环境质量发展状况,分析原因,生态修复,并提出可持续发展的观点。对于大纵湖这样800多年历史的里下河地区的小型湖泊,在近50年,特别是近20年的社会发展中面积不断缩小、生态环境遭到严重破坏。从1985年的Ⅰ、Ⅱ类优良水质,经过二十年,下降到Ⅲ类水,并接近达到Ⅳ类水,通过指标体系的分析,大纵湖呈现富营养状况,主要污染指标为总氮、总磷和高锰酸盐指数,这对于下游的饮用水源和本身的生态系统影响巨大。分析影响的原因主要是围网养殖、当地人居及产业结构调整和周边环境污染影响,其中围网养殖是主要影响因素,是大纵湖营养盐富集的首要来源,网围养殖使湖体氮磷增加了103.4吨和25.9吨,分别占湖体滞留氮磷总量的50.91%和53.62%。针对围网养殖污染,本文从可持续角度提出发展可持续渔业养殖,结合他人研究成果,发展多品种养殖有机结合,控制养殖密度和养殖面积,因地制宜制定合理养殖和捕捞时间、方式和程度。针对当地人居及产业结构调整,提出新的经济发展方向和措施,治理工业和生活污染,限制向大纵湖排放污水。调整农业生产模式,减少农田污染。降低养殖经济依赖,发展观光旅游。针对富营养状况,有机结合产业调整,变开发为治理,在治理过程中充分考虑经济因素,提出岸边植物修复、浮岛迷宫治理、微生物底泥消化等生物修复措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 This program is salt city dazonghu the lake scenery travel program of holiday resorts " dazonghu lake environmental quality develops control program with environment" extend. Is from the angle analysis 1985 of environmental protection to 2005, dazonghu lake environmental quality development condition, analysis reason is ecological to restore , and put forward the viewpoint of sustainable development.For dazonghu the history of more than 800 years lake in the next small-sized lakes of river region, in near 50 years, especially the society of near 20 develops , area is reduced constantly , ecological environment encounters serious damage. From 1985 I , II kind of fine water quality, process 20 years, drop III kind of water, is close to reach IV kind of water, the analysis that passes through index system , dazonghu lake presents rich nutrition condition, major pollutive index is total nitrogen , total Lin and high manganese sour salt index, this has huge influence for the source of drinking water of lower reaches and the ecosystem of.Analysing the reason of influence major is purse net breeds, local person house and industrial structural adjustment and periphery environmental poilutive influence, breed in which purse net is major influencing factor, is dazonghu the chief source of lake nutrition salt enrichment, neting to surround breed to make lake body NP have increased the 103.4 tons of and 25.9 tons of 50.91% and 53.62%, that takes lake body delay NP amount respectively.According to purse net, breed pollution, this paper since may last angle puts forward development may last fishery breeds , the combination research accomplishment of other person develops many kinds to breed organic combination , control to breed density and breed area, establish according to local conditions to breed and catch time, way and level reasonably.According to local person house and industrial structural adjustment, suggest that new economy develops direction and measure , administer industrial and life pollution, restriction to dazonghu lake emission sewage. Adjustment agricultural production pattern reduces farmland pollution. Reduction breeds economy to rely on , develops sightseeing travel.According to rich nutrition condition, organic combination industrial adjustment changes development to administer , in the process of administering , consider economic factor fully , suggest that bank side plant is restored , chinampa maze administers , the biology such as microorganism base mud digestion restore measure.更多还原