【作者】 贾士义；

【导师】 路紫；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 水土保持问题已不仅是一个学科的专业性问题,已成为各学科领域共同研究的复合性问题。农村居民点的水土保持工作是水土保持的全新领域。农村居民点的水土保持既是一个生态环境问题,也是一个重要的区域发展问题。本文从自然、人文等多学科角度,结合新农村建设的相关要求,试图从多角度探讨农村居民点水土保持与环境整治的模式与措施。农村居民点水土保持生态建设是一个庞大复杂的系统工程,必须从系统角度把握水土保持生态建设的整体及其涉及到的自然、生态、技术、社会、经济等各方面之间的相互关系。本论文试图从自然—经济—社会的角度,借鉴地理学、生态景观学、水土保持工程学、农业生态经济学等学科相关的理论成果开展研究,系统分析农村居民点水土流失的原因,探讨水土保持模式。本论文在充分认识河北省水土流失复杂性、严重性和紧迫性的基础上探讨性地提出八种水土保持和环境整治的对策与模式,并针对具体农村居民点进行水土保持生态建设与环境整治的案例分析。全文共分三大部分。第一部分为导论。该部分的主要内容是在充分认识选题背景和研究意义的基础上,综合回顾了国内外有关水土保持的研究现状,为本论文研究提供理论借鉴。在此基础上,作者进一步明确了本文的研究内容、方法和技术路线。第二部分为理论探讨。该部分作者在充分认识河北省水土流失的复杂性、严重性和紧迫性的基础上,划分了河北省农村居民点水土流失的类型,强调农村居民点水土保持的措施实施应有利于实现区域生态积累,并探讨性地提出了八种水土保持模式和相应的环境整治对策,并对模式特征和具体选择进行了必要解释。第三部分为案例分析。首先介绍了平山县东冶村的自然、社会经济和聚落环境状况,对东冶村的水土保持和环境状况形成初步认识。论文结合东冶村自然、社会、经济和聚落现状分析了东冶村发展过程中水土流失的具体问题。论文从自然侵蚀环境、人为侵蚀环境、影响状态三个方面,对东冶村水土流失和环境问题进行了较全面的分析。最后,提出针对东冶村的水土保持与环境整治的相应措施与建议。本论文是水土保持领域和人文地理领域相结合的一项跨学科研究。论文中提出了农村居民点水土保持模式和环境整治的具体措施,创建了用结构图表示的农村居民点水土保持生态自循环系统分析框架。论文提出了农村水土保持生态建设所采用的“水土兼顾、美化村舍”措施,在此基础上,尝试性地提出了八大农村水土保持生态建设模式。最后,论文把作者的相关认识应用到具体化个案的研究,期待能为农村经济、社会和生态协调发展提供一定的方法借鉴。基于新农村建设对农村居民点水土保持的实际要求,论文作者试图将居民点水土保持与促进新农村建设结合起来,对农村居民点水土保持与环境整治尝试提出系统化和个性化的方法论。虽然作者的研究水平和居民点的具体数据难于获取限制了深入研究,但作者认为论文在居民点水土保持生态建设的实践中仍具有一定的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The question of water and soil conservation already is not only a special field of study, but also has become the compound question of the common fields among the various disciplines. The work of water and soil conservation on rural residential area is a brand-new domain. It is not only an ecological environment question, but also an important question on the regional development. This article attempts to discuss the pattern and the measure of the rural residential area’s water and soil conservation and the environment improvement from the multiple perspectives and multiple perspectives nature, humanities and so on, which unifies the new rural reconstruction the related request.The ecological building and water and soil conservation on the rural residential area is a huge complex systems engineering. The water and soil conservation ecological building must be grasped from the system angle, and grasped the correlations on the nature, ecology, the technology, the society, and the economy. The paper attempts to analyze systematically the reasons on rural residential area’s water and soil loss, and discuss the patterns on water and soil conservation, which is based on the nature - economy - society’s angle, and which draws on the experiences of the theories on geography, ecology landscape, water and soil conservation engineering and agriculture ecology. This paper proposes 8 patterns of water and soil conservation and the countermeasures of environment improvement, and aims at the concrete rural residential area to carry on the water and soil conservation ecological building and the environment improvement case analysis, which is based on the complexity, the gravity and the pressing of the Hebei Province’s water and soil loss is discussed.This paper is divided into three major parts.At first part, I introduced the selected topic background and the research significance. Second, I reviewed the present research situation on water and soil conservation in domestic and foreign, which provides useful references for this paper. Finally, I further cleared this paper’s research contents, the method and the technical route.At the second part, the theory is discussed. In this part, I have differentiated the Hebei Province rural residential area water and soil loss type. I think that the measures of rural residential area water and soil conservation should advantage the regional ecology to accumulate. At last, I proposed 8 kinds of type on water and soil conservation and the environment and improvement’s countermeasure and the phantom. At the same time, I have carried on the essential explanation to the pattern characteristic and the concrete choice.At the third part, the paper uses the case to analysis. I first introduced Dongye Village’s natural environment, the social economy environment and the settlement aspect environment, form which I expect to form the preliminary understanding to water and soil conservation and the environmental in Dongye Village. This paper has analyzed the concrete questions of the Dongye Village water and soil loss, which unifies the Dongye Village’s ecology, the society, the economic and the settlement environment traits. This article carries on the comprehensive analysis to the Dongye Village water and soil loss and the environment question, from the natural erosion environment, the man-made erosion environment and the influence condition three aspects. Finally, this paper proposes corresponding measures and the suggestions to Dongye Village’s environment improvement and the water and soil conservation.This paper is an interdisciplinary research which bases on the unifying of the water and soil conservation domain and the human geography domain. This paper has proposed a pattern of rural residential area water and soil conservation ecological building and the specific measures of environment improvement, has founded the structure drawing to express the systematical analysis frame of rural residential area water and soil conservation and the ecological circulatory system for the rural economy, the society and ecology coordinated development.The paper is an interdisciplinary research that is based on the unifying of the water and soil conservation domain and the human geography domain. The paper has proposed patterns of the rural residential area water and soil conservation and the specific measures of environment improvement. And the paper has created the structure drawing to express the systematical analysis frame that the rural residential area water and soil conservation and the ecological circulatory system. The paper has proposed the measure on the he rural residential area water and soil conservation and ecological building titled“the water and soil proper attention to both, beautify the rural cottage”, based on which I experimentally proposed eight patterns of the rural residential area water and soil conservation and the ecological building. At last, this paper has put the model into the practice, which is likely to provides some analytical methods for the rural economy, the society and the ecological development.The paper is based on the new rural reconstruction actual request, which is the rural residential area water and soil conservation. The author manages to bring the rural residential area water and soil conservation and the new rural reconstruction together, in order to propose the systematical and new methods on the rural residential area water and soil conservation and the improvement of environment. Although the author’s research level and the residential area concrete data which are difficult to be gained, which has limited the deep research, the author thinks it still has some significance to the residential area water and soil conservation and the ecological building。更多还原