基于SOPC的心电检测分析系统的设计与实现

【作者】 王彬；

【导师】 周山宏；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 针对目前心电监护设备微型化、实时性、高采样率、大存储量等实际需求,采用了一种基于SOPC技术的心电检测分析系统的设计。将DSP和MCU的功能集成在一块FPGA上,在FPGA内部实现多路心电信号的并行处理,由SD卡记录较长时间的连续心电信号,并实现心电信号的实时处理和心率异常的预警等扩展功能。论文首先提出了运用FPGA来实现心电信号数字信号处理算法的设计方法,包括了低通滤波器设计、简单整系数梳状滤波器的设计、检测R波并计算心率的FPGA模块设计。充分利用了FPGA并行数据处理的优点来实现多路心电数据的并行处理分析。然后给出了基于Avalon总线自定制从设备外设的设计方案,实现了数据采集控制、数据处理以及LCD控制器模块。将多路数据的采集控制和数字信号处理模块集成到一个同步电路模块中,不仅可以提高多路数据的并行处理能力,还增加了控制电路的可靠性。最后将已经实现的各个功能模块和其他外部接口加到Avalon总线上来,构成一个基于Nios II处理器的嵌入式系统。充分利用Nios II处理器灵活的人机交互功能来完成数据采集、传输、存储、通信和显示等整个系统工作流程的控制。并针对系统与上位机的通信传输,论文提出了基于串口通信的多路心电信号和心率数据的传输协议,并在软件中实现了通信协议的处理流程。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to meet the practical requirements such as micromation, real-time processing, high-speed sampling and large memory capacity, this thesis introduces an ECG detection and analysis system based on SOPC. It integrates the functions of DSP and MCU to a single chip of FPGA. Multi-channel ECG signals can be processed by FPGA and long-playing ECG data can be stored to a SD card. Besides, it can provide real-time analysis of ECG signals and timely warning for cardiac arrhythmia.In the thesis, firstly, we proposed the method using FPGA to realize the digital signal processing algorithm for ECG, which includes these designs of low pass filter, comb filter, and the FPGA module for calculating the heart rate. The algorithm uses the advantage of parallel data processing of the FPGA to complete the parallel processing and analyzing for multi-channel ECG data.Secondly, we gave the design plan based on Avalon Bus customized from the peripheral equipment, and achieved the control of data acquisition, the processing of data and the module of LCD control instrument. We made the acquisition control for multi-channel data and the module for digital signal processing integrate into a synchronous circuit module, which can not only enhance the ability of parallel processing of multi-channel data, but also increase the reliability of the control circuit.Finally, we added all the functional modules which have been achieved and other external interfaces to the Avalon Bus, so that they can constitute an embedded system based on Nios II processor. Through it, we can make use of the flexible human and computer interactive function of Nios II processor to complete the whole system workflow control of data acquisition, transmission, storage, communication, display, etc. For the communication transmission between the system and computer, we proposed the transmission protocol based on the multi-channel ECG signal of the serial communication and the heart rate data, and achieved the processing workflow of communication protocols in the software.更多还原