利用MAS技术培育寒地抗瘟水稻品种空育131（Pi1/Pi2）

【作者】 杨帆；

【导师】 李荣田；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 生物化学与分子生物学， 2008， 硕士

【副题名】受体亲本和供体亲本杂交F_1代及回交BC_1代鉴定选择

【摘要】 水稻是黑龙江省主要粮食作物,稻瘟病是影响寒区水稻生产的限制因子之一。黑龙江水稻品种抗稻瘟病性差的主要原因,一是抗稻瘟病育种遗传资源狭窄;二是水稻育种基本上是常规育种,不能有效、快速、准确利用籼稻种质资源中抗稻瘟病基因。Pi1和Pi2是籼稻中广谱、显性的主效抗稻瘟病性基因。为了将Pi1和Pi2基因导入黑龙江水稻基因组中,本研究利用分子标记辅助选择(MAS)的方法,以BL6为供体亲本,以黑龙江水稻主栽品种空育131为受体亲本,培育寒区水稻品系空育131(Pi1/Pi2)。为此,首先筛选了受体亲本和供体亲本的前景选择和背景选择SSR分子标记的多态性。同时,受体亲本和供体亲本杂交获得了F1代,并利用SSR分子标记鉴定了F1杂种的真伪。然后以真F1杂种为母本,和受体亲本空育131回交,对回交BC1F1群体进行了分子标记辅助的前景选择和背景选择,并对入选的植株进行了人工接种的抗稻瘟病性鉴定。本研究主要结果如下:1.筛选到了双亲间具有多态性的、与Pi1及Pi2基因紧密连锁的SSR分子标记RM144和AP22。RM144和AP22可以作为MAS技术培育水稻品系空育131(Pi1/Pi2)前景选择的DNA分子标记。2.筛选到了24个可以做为培育水稻品系空育131(Pi1/Pi2)背景选择的SSR分子标记。3.实施了受体亲本和供体亲本的有性杂交工作,利用AP22标记从F1群体中鉴别出了真杂种。用真杂种做母本,和空育131回交,获得了BC1F1。4.对BC1F1群体植株进行了前景选择和背景选择,获得了具有Pi1和Pi2基因、遗传背景恢复到空育131基因组70%左右、抗寒区稻瘟病菌的水稻材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rice blast was one of limited factors to rice production in cold region. The main reasons of Heilongjiang rice variety suscepctible to rice blast included that the one was the narrow resource in genetic breeding resistant to blast, the other was that classical breeding can not utilize genes resistant to blast in indica rice effectively, quickly and precisely. Pi1 and Pi2 were wide-spectrum and dominant genes resistant to blast in indica rice. In order to introduce Pi1 and Pi2 genes into the genome of Heilongjiang rice variety, developing the rice line Kongyu131( Pi1 / Pi2), the back crossing program was carried out by MAS with BL6 as a donor parent and Heilongjiang rice variety Kongyu131 as receptor parent. So, at first, the polymorphism of SSR molecular marker was screened between the parents.While, F1 of the receptor and donor parents were obtained and identified with SSR molecular marker. Then positive F1 population was used as female parent, backcrossing with receptor parent Kongyu131. BC1F1 population was identified in order to conduct foreground and background selection with SSR, and selected plants resistant to blast were studied with artificial inoculation. The main results were showed below.1. SSR markers RM144 and AP22 , which showed polymorphism between receptor parent and donor parent and closely-linked to Pi1 and Pi2 genes , were used in positive selection to develop Kongyu131(Pi1/Pi2) by MAS.2. 24 SSR markers were selected carried out background selection in developing Kongyu131(Pi1/Pi2).3. Sexual hybridization was conducted in donor parent and receptor parent , the hybrid were identified from F1 population by AP22 marker, and were used as female parents of backcrossing with Kongyu131 to obtain BC1F1 population.4. BC1F1 population plants were analyzed based on foreground selection and background selection, and obtained 9 plants with Pi1 and Pi2 genes, its background recovering to Kongyu131 genome with an average of 70% and being resistant to rice blast strains of Heilongjiang province.更多还原