【作者】 林莉；

【导师】 赵呈领；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科学技术和信息技术的迅猛发展,教育信息化已经渗透到了学校教育的各个角落。运用建构主义学习理论建构新型教学模式,促进教学内容与方法的变革,迎接信息社会对教育的挑战,已经势在必行。纵观当前的教学现状,我们发现传统的教学方式和方法已不能从根本上改变教学现状,在这种以培养学生创新精神和创新能力的创新教育的时代背景下,必须要寻找合适的教学方式和方法。奥苏贝尔认为,人的学习应该是意义学习。影响学习的主要因素是学习者已经掌握的知识,当学习者有意义学习的倾向,并把所要学的新知识同原来的知识联系起来时,意义学习便发生了。奥苏贝尔还认为意义学习的心理机制是同化,除了学龄前儿童,学生的学习都是通过概念同化习得新概念的。概念的上位关系、下位关系、组合关系的层级排列最终形成了学生的认知结构。而美国康奈尔大学教育系的诺瓦克(Joseph D·Novak)教授正是根据奥苏贝尔的认知同化学习理论发展出概论图并将其应用于实际教学的。尽管概念图的最初目的是为了检测学生已有知识的情况,但是它蕴涵了丰富的教学功能。概论图不仅仅是作为一种使用工具,更应该作为一种教学的技能和策略。本研究主要完成以下三方面的问题:第一,探讨概念图的起源、发展和未来。这包括对概念图的由来,及其发展程度的研究、国内外对概念图的研究情况、概念图的运用前景等问题。第二,阐述了概念图的理论基础,其后论述了在实际教学中如何使用概念图。在对概念图基本理论的研究下,深刻理解其在教学中运用的意义和作用,并结合实际学科阐述概念图在教学中的运用。第三,概念图绘制和生成系统的设计与实现。运用C#编程语言来实现该系统,结合《教育技术学》这一学科说明该系统的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of scientific technology and ingenerational technology, IT in education has been infiltrated into all over the corner of school education. It’s imperative under the situation that using constructivism learning theory constructs new teaching model, promotes the transgeneration of teaching contents and methods, and meets the challenge of ingeneration society to education. Making a general observation of current teaching situation, we find that traditional teaching methodology cannot fundamentally change the current state of education, and it is important to find appropriate education method with increasing attention to innovation education of fostering the students’ innovation spirit and ability.Ausubel thinks that human being’s learning should be meaningful learning .The most important single factor influencing learning is what the learner already knows. Meaningful learning occurs when the learners tend to learn meaningfully and relate the new facts to those learned. Ausubel also holds that the assimilation theory is the mental mechanism of meaningful learning except preschool child; learners learn new concepts by concept assimilation. The learners’ cognition structure is formed by the cascade of the hypernymy, hyponymy and syntagmatic relation of concepts. Joseph D·Novak is a professor at the education department of Cornell University. His research program led to development of cognitive learning theory of Ausubel into the concept map. He also applies the theory of concept map into the practical instruction.Although concept map was originally developed to determine students’ knowledge learned, its instructional function is also powerful. Concept map can not only be used as a practical tool but also an instructional skill and strategy.This main objective of the research is to solve the following problems:First, discussing the origin, development and the future of concept map. This includes the research of origin and development degree of concept map, the research complexion of the concept map domestic and overseas, and the questions of application prospects of the concept map.Second, illustrating the element of theories about concept map and how to use it in practical subject. Under researching the element of theories about concept map, the author comprehend the significance and effect of it that using in the education, and explain that concept map apply in the education and teaching combining with practical subject.Third, the design and realization of the depiction and formation system for concept map. The system includes the drawing and generation of the concept map .The paper realizes the system under C#, and explains the application of the system combining with《Instructional Technology》.更多还原