【作者】 曹文抗；

【导师】 刘云；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 法律语言存在着模糊性,司法结果又要求确定性,如何从模糊性过渡到确定性是法律语言研究者应该关注的一个问题。法律语言模糊现象的研究范围广泛、意义重大,特别是模糊语义的研究对于公正司法具有十分重大的作用。本文主要从语义学的角度对法律语言模糊现象加以讨论,并结合具体司法案例进行分析,以期促进因语义模糊引起的司法争议的合理解决。本文介绍了以下几个方面的主要内容:法律语言模糊语义广泛性、绝对性、可确定性的基本特点;自然语言的本质属性,法律文书的简洁性和庄重性的特点,主体的差异性和社会的渐变性,法律的滞后性与对象的复杂性等模糊语义存在的基础;模糊语义在成文法中的表现、依据分类探究其形成的原因;并从法律解释对模糊现象的定性、定量注解,司法过程对模糊消除的积极推动,判决结果的确定性与模糊的最终消除等三个方面阐述了法律语言由语义模糊到判决结果确定的过程;肯定了法律语言中模糊语义的积极功能----准确性功能、灵活性功能以及能有效防止法律漏缺功能,指出了因法律本身滞后性引起的语义不明、权责不清的弊端,并要求加以改善,保证、维护法律的权威。严谨和清晰是法律语言的内在要求。从语义学的角度探究法律语言的模糊性,并在此基础上分析模糊语义在法律语言中的功能,这是本文研究的目的和意义所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Legal language is ambiguous, but the judiciary results are required to be accurate. How to fulfill the transition from ambiguity to accuracy is a problem that legal language researchers should pay close attention to. The research into legal language ambiguity covers a wide scope, and has great significance, and especially the research into ambiguous semantics plays an important role in the fair administration of justice. This paper mainly discusses the legal language ambiguity from the aspects of semantics, makes analysis on the specific judicial cases, and tries to promote reasonable solution to the judicial disputes caused by the semantic ambiguity.The main contents of this paper cover the following aspects: the basic characteristics of the semantic ambiguity of legal language—universality, absolute quality, and determinability; the essential attributes of natural language, simplicity and solemnity of the legal documents, the main bodies’ difference and society’s gradation, law’s lagging quality and objects’ complexity and so on, all these are the base of the semantic ambiguity; reveal the semantic ambiguity in written law performance and look into the causes based on the classification; elaborate the process which is from the semantic ambiguity of legal language to the final judgment according to three aspects—quality and quantity explanation of the ambiguity, the positive impetus of the judicial process to eliminate ambiguity, the certainty of the outcome of the judgment and the ultimate elimination of ambiguity; affirm the positive functions of the semantic ambiguity of legal language—the function of accuracy, flexibility, and effectively preventing the legal gaps, point out the drawbacks of semantic uncertainty, unclear powers and responsibilities caused by the law’s lagging quality, and call for improving, ensuring and safeguarding the authority of the law.Strict and clear language is the inherent requirement of the law. It is the purpose and significance of this paper to study the legal language ambiguity from the aspect of semantics and analyze the function of semantic ambiguity.更多还原