【作者】 吴延明；

【导师】 郝晓弘；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 针对我国目前矿用电机车两种牵引方式中直流牵引系统故障率高、维护成本高,而交流串电阻调速系统能耗大、动态性能差的问题,提出基于直接转矩控制的交流牵引系统方案。论文深入研究矿用电机车运行特点的基础上,针对电机车运行过程中电机的参数变化和负载变化时线性速度调节器很难满足控制系统的性能需求的问题,采用模糊调节器来替代PID调节器实现直接转矩控制的转速闭环,并根据时间乘误差绝对值积分(ITAE)性能指标,通过模糊控制器参数微粒群优化的方法,随着控制对象的不同工作状态而改变控制器的控制规则,达到最佳控制效果;针对直接转矩控制在低速范围内定子电阻辨识困难的缺陷,本文介绍了一种解决方案一定子电阻模糊观测器在线估计定子电阻,从而提高系统的低速性能和响应质量。论文对优化模糊直接转矩牵引控制系统进行了仿真,从理论上证明了该方法转矩脉动小,逆变器开关频率固定,电流谐波分量小,系统在额定负载范围内有较强的自动调节能力,基本满足了矿用电机车的驱动要求:并将优化模糊直接转矩控制应用到火车平硐自动装车时矿用电机车牵引控制系统上,进行实际运行分析,结果表明该方案可有效解决牵引电机低速起动力矩低、带速度起动难,且系统具备过流过压等全面的保护功能,具有牵引力大、制动性能优良,适用范围广、经济性好、技术指标高等特点。因此,优化模糊直接转矩控制在矿用电机车牵引控制系统上的应用一定有广阔的前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The DC adjustable-speed control method and AC adjustable-speed control mode with series resistance is mostly applied in mine locomotive’s drive system. There are several drawbacks of these methods, such as the high percent of malfunction, the high cost of maintenance, the electric energy waste and inferiors dynamic performance, etc. To deal with these problems, an advanced speed-adjusting scheme is presented based on direct torque control.According to the operating characteristics of mine electric locomotive, linear regulator has difficulty to meet the performance requirements during parameters of motor variations and load disturbance. In paper, a fuzzy controller is designed as speed regulator to replace PID regulator. In order to achieve the best control results, an algorithm based on Integrated of Time Absolute Error(ITAE) performance index and particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is studied to change control rules. Aimed at the limitation of stator resistance identification difficulty in low speed range of direct torque control, the paper gives a solving scheme—stator resistance fuzzy observation, used for estimating the stator resistance, which can also improve the performance at low speed and response quality of system.Simulations about fuzzy direct torque control system have been done. The result proves this control strategy has many advantages such as small torque ripple, fixed switching frequency, small current harmonic distortion and strong regulating capacity at the range of rating load. The system basically satisfies the drive demand of mine electric locomotive. Then, the technology based on Self-optimal fuzzy control is applied in mine locomotive’s automatic loading system. The practical result shows that the method can overcome the shortcomings of traditional modes such as small low-speed starting torque, difficulty in starting with speed. And this method has the advantages of great starting torque, excellent braking performance, broad scope of application, high technology performance index, etc. Therefore, the optimization fuzzy Direct Torque Control mine electric locomotive traction control system must have broad prospect of application.更多还原