动态振动测量系统的研究

【作者】 宋宇；

【导师】 马琨；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 物理电子学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要研究动态振动测量系统中涉及的调频式电感传感器技术、高稳定性高频振荡器电路技术、高频振荡信号波形整形技术、高频振荡信号的采集和传输技术以及基于振动理论的振动检测技术和振动分析技术。目的在于改进调频式电感传感器的灵敏度、精度和测量范围以适应桥梁的低频振动测量,并开发能用于低频测量的动态振动测量系统。本文研究了电感位移传感器的结构、测量机理以及其整个测量系统的系统架构,并通过试验认真分析了调频式电感传感器对于低频振动的响应性能,结合本课题的研究需要和技术要求,开发研制了能用于低频振动测量的动态振动测量系统,并对其进行了与DHDAS₃817N动态信号采集分析系统比较的试验验证。本文所做的具体研究工作如下:首先,从应用于桥梁低频振动测量的角度分析了电感式传感器的测量原理,并针对调频式电感传感器测量电路中的核心部分——高频振荡器电路,就其基本原理和实现结构作了理论分析,并结合研究需要和技术要求对振荡器电路作了设计,且通过了计算机仿真,并完成了实物的具体实现。其次,根据现有设备和材料并结合实际需要就传感器的探头部分进行了制作。并设计制作了基于弹性金属梁的振动传导结构,用以传导被测物的振动到传感器探头处。再次,设计并具体实现了基于MAX907的信号整形电路。设计并具体实现了基于AT89S51单片机的数据采集和传输接口电路,包括单片机执行程序的设计。设计并完成了基于振动分析理论的数据分析软件的编写。最后,通过具体的试验分析,对电感传感器及电路部分作了静态标定,并选择了以铁氧体作为搭载材料。并与DHDAS₃817N动态信号采集分析系统得测量结果作了比较,并对偏差作了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis mainly studies FM-Inductance sensors technology, high stability of high-frequency oscillator circuit technology, high-frequency oscillation signal waveform shaping technology, high-frequency oscillation signal acquisition and transmission technology , the vibration test technology and vibration analysis techniques based on the vibration theory in dynamic vibration measurement system. The purpose of this thesis is to improve the sensitivity, precision and measuring range of inductance sensors in order to adapt to low-frequency vibration measurement of bridges and develop the dynamic vibration measurement system which can be used in low-frequency vibration measurement.This thesis studies the structure, measuring mechanism of inductance displacement sensors and system framework of its measurement system, and seriously analyses the response capability of FM-Inductance sensors with regard to low-frequency vibration. This subject has developed dynamic vibration measurement system which can be applied to low-frequency vibration measurement and carried out verification of the experiment of comparing the measurement system with DHDAS3817N dynamic signal collection analysis system in terms of the research needs and technical requirements.This thesis has done concrete research work as follows:First of all, this article has analyzed measuring principle of inductance sensors from the perspective of being applied to low-frequency vibration measurement of the bridge and has done academic analysis on basic principle and realization of structure of high-frequency oscillator circuit which is the core of FM Inductors sensor measuring circuit. In addition, this text has designed oscillator circuit in terms of research and technology need and completed the physical realization, passing computer simulation.Secondly, according to existing equipments and materials, this subject has designed the probe of the sensors with actual needs. Vibration conduction structure has been designed to transmit the vibration of the measured object to the probe of the sensors, based on metal beam of elasticity. Thirdly, the design and realization signal shaping circuit based on the MAX907 has been designed and realized concretely. In addition, data collection and transmission interface circuit based on AT89S51 MCU, which includes design of the executive program of SCM, has been designed and realized concretely. This subject has compiled data analysis software, based on vibration analysis theory.Finally, through concrete analysis of the test, this subject has done the calibration of static state on inductance sensors and its circuit, choosing ferrite which serves as carrier material. And then, this thesis has compared the result with the measurement result of DHDAS3817N dynamic signal collection and analysis system and has analyzed the bias.更多还原