还原炉温度监控系统研究与设计

【作者】 刘琳；

【导师】 张寿明；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以某厂金属加工车间60台锗还原炉为研究对象,研制了一套分布式温度控制系统。该系统设计合理、功能完善、性能优越,在实际生产中应用效果良好。提高了加热过程的控制精度,减少了操作人员的工作量,保证了产品质量,使企业生产的自动化程度达到了较高的水平。系统采用分布式结构,上位机采用控制计算机,完成系统监控画面的显示与管理,应用程序的运行,数据库的管理和对下位机的监控等功能;下位机采用S7-300/400PLC,实现还原炉温度控制系统的检测和显示;温度曲线的设定;上位机与PLC之间的通信;主站,从站之间的通信;温度控制等功能。为了使炉温控制系统具有较好的控制性能指标,本文设计了变速积分分离PID控制算法,理论分析和实际应用表明,采用这种算法,系统不仅动态特性好,有效地抑制了超调过大和积分饱和等问题,而且达到了满意的稳态精度。在本文的最后,针对锗还原过程中还原终点判断问题,对控制方法进行了深入的研究。根据生产工艺的要求,结合现场技术人员的丰富经验,采用模糊控制的思想建立了规则表,实现了还原过程终点的自动判断。现场试验结果表明,这种方法有效的改善了以往完全由人工操作出现的误差,节省能源,具有实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper is proposed based on temperature control system of 60 reduction furnaces in a Metalworking shop. A characteristic distributed temperature control system has been designed. This system has reasonable design, perfect function, superior performance and good results in the actual production. It improves the control precision in heating process, reduces the workload of the operation, ensures the quality of products, and makes the degree of automation in production to a higher level.The system has a distributed architecture. The host station uses a performance industrial control computer. The display of the pictures of monitoring and controlling, the data management and the control task of the subordinate station will be coordinated and organized through the host station. The subordinate station uses S7-300/400 PLC to realize the temperature measurement and display, the temperature curve settings, the communication between the host and subordinate station, and the temperature control function etc.In order to obtain perfect control performance, a method of speed integral separation PID control has been designed in this paper. Theoretical analysis and practical application show that the system is dynamic performance, effectively curb the excessive overshoot and integral issues such as saturation, and obtain a high satisfactory of steady-state accuracy by using this method.In the final of this paper, against Germanium reduction process in the end of judgment, make an in-depth study in control method. According to the requirements of the production process, combined with the experience of technical staff, the control rule table has been established by the thinking of Fuzzy control and the fuzzy controller in the process of reduction has been designed. Field test results show that this control method is effective in improving the previous manual error, saving energy and have practical application value.更多还原