铁合金用新型还原剂复合焦的研究

【作者】 胡人杰；

【导师】 陈雯；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 冶金工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 铁合金的生产目前主要是以各种矿石为原料,以铁合金焦作还原剂,在电炉内发生反应制取的。其中还原剂是铁合金冶炼过程中的重要辅料,长期以来,铁合金焦是用于铁合金冶炼最好的还原剂。但随着钢铁行业的迅速发展导致了炼焦煤资源的紧缺,使炼焦煤价格大幅度上涨,严重影响了铁合金企业的经济效益。为缓解现在炼焦煤资源匮乏、价格不断上涨的问题,开发出一种来源更为广泛,价格更低廉的炭质还原剂势在必行。本研究针对这一问题,采用来源更为广泛,价格相对较低的煤为原料制备新型煤基还原剂。本研究主要采用焦煤以及褐煤为原料,制备替代铁合金焦用于铁合金生产的煤基还原剂。主要内容有①在单因素试验条件下,分别研究褐煤与焦煤配比、结焦温度、结焦时间、原煤粒度等与新型煤基还原剂性质的关系。②通过正交试验,得出最佳的焦化条件。③对新型煤基还原剂的性质进行测定并与铁合金焦的性质作比较。通过实验研究以及新型煤基还原剂的性能测定,得到①褐煤在原煤中的比例越高,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越大,机械强度越小。当褐煤所占比例达到25%时,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻14.8Ω·cm,反应性50.8%,机械强度为71.2%。②结焦温度越高,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越小,机械强度越大,且在本试验条件范围内,结焦温度与新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性接近线性关系。③结焦时间越长,在本试验条件范围内,新型煤基还原剂的比电阻、反应性越小,机械强度越大。④原煤粒度在1.0mm-1.4mm之间的新型煤基还原剂的性质最好。⑤通过正交试验确定最佳焦化条件是:原煤粒度在1.0mm-1.4mm,结焦温度为800℃,结焦时间为2小时,褐煤所占比例为15%;此时的新型煤基还原剂的比电阻为7.0Ω·cm,反应性为41.2%,机械强度为92.0%。符合中国冶金标准对铁合金还原剂的要求。本文对此项目进行了技术经济评价。对生产规模为年产20×10~4t的工厂而言,每年可为企业节约2440万元的原料采购成本,因此从经济指标来看,项目的经济运行情况将会良好运转;从资源方面来看,可以缓解目前炼焦煤资源的紧缺,为国家和地方发展做出巨大贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 Now with the rapid development of economic construction,ferroalloy market demand will grow,and this will promote the development of ferroalloy production industry. Ferroalloy is made by ore reaction with reducer in the furnace,and the reducer which is important accessories in the process of smelting.For a long time,ferroalloy coke is the best for reducing agent in smelting.But with the rapid development of the iron and steel industry,coking coal resources are become smaller and smaller,coking coal prices have increased substantially and affected the ferroalloy the economic efficiency of enterprises seriously.To alleviate the present shortage of coking coal resources,and the rising prices, the development of a more extensive source,the low price of reducing carbon imperative. To solve this problem,this study use more extensive sources,and low prices of raw materials for the preparation of new coal briquette-reducer.This study used coke and lignite as raw material,preparation for the ferroalloy production instead of coke coal-reducing agent.Main contents:①In the single factor test conditions,we study relationship between lignite coke ratio,temperature coking,coking time,coal size and the nature of reducing agent.②By orthogonal test we integrated with the impact of these factors,to find the best coking conditions.③Determination of the nature of reducing agent,and compared with the nature of ferroalloy coke.By experimental research,as well as through new coal-reducing agent of the performance can be obtained:①the proportion of Lignite coal in reducing agent is more higher,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more greater,and mechanical strength is more smaller.When lignite proportion reached 25%,the new coal-reducing agent specific resistance up to 14.2Ω·cm,the reaction of up to 50.8%,and strength is 71.2%.②coking temperature is more higher,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more smaller,but the strength of coke is become greater.And in the test conditions,the coking temperature and specific resistance and reaction of coke is nearly linear relationship.③In this test conditions,coking time is more longer,the specific resistance and reaction of coke is more smaller,the strength of coke is become greater.④The nature of reducing agent is best when Coal particle size in the range of 1.0mm-l.4mm.⑤By orthogonal coking tests to determine the optimum conditions are:coal particle size is 1.0 mm-1.4mm, coking temperature is 800℃,the coking time is 2 hours,the proportion of lignite is 15%,at this time,the specific resistance of cook is 7.0Ω·cm,the reaction is 41.2%,and 92.0%for the mechanical strength.This article has carried on the technical economy appraisal to this project.This project production gauge simulation for the annual production 20×10~4t,may save 24,400,000 Yuan raw material procurement cost every year for the enterprise,therefore looking from the economic indicator,the project economy operational aspect will revolve good,will make the great contribution for national and the place development.更多还原