鲁甸县地质灾害特征、成因及防治区划研究

【作者】 唐立梅；

【导师】 李波；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 地质工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文依托“鲁甸县地质灾害调查及防治区划”项目采用野外地质调查、室内数据处理、GIS模型计算等方法,系统阐述了鲁甸县地质灾害的发育分布特征以及分析研究了各类地质灾害的形成条件和机理,在此基础上,遴选控制地质灾害发育的主要指标,并利用基于MAPGIS的综合信息模型进行了地质灾害危险性区划;针对鲁甸县城镇分布和重要工程建设特点及可持续发展规划,对鲁甸县地质灾害进行易发性分区和防治区划。本文取得以下主要结果:(1)鲁甸县地质灾害的主要类型包括滑坡(崩塌)、泥石流、不稳定斜坡、地裂缝,滑坡是其中数量最多、危害最大的一种,各个类型的灾害有一定的分布和发育特点。(2)鲁甸县境内滑坡灾害以中小型为主;滑坡破坏模式以复合式为主;滑坡的物质类型以土质滑坡为主;滑坡厚度以浅层为主中层次之;滑坡受地形影响大,大多数滑坡产生于陡坡之上。泥石流以沟谷型为主,次为山坡型。不稳定斜坡分布广泛,全县共有58个。(3)在影响鲁甸县灾害发育的相关因素中,构造强烈程度、岩组性质、岸坡坡度、降雨及人类工程活动是控制灾害发生的主要因素。结合其它类型地质灾害的发育特点,将鲁甸县地质灾害易发性划分为极高易发性区、高易发性区、中等易发区3个级别。(4)根据“以人为本”的原则,在地质灾害危险性区划的基础上,以点位重要性为依据,结合地质灾害的发育特征、危害程度,进行鲁甸县地质灾害防治区划,将鲁甸县划分为重点防治区、次重点防治区和一般防治区三个防治等级。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis relies on the project—"geology hazard investigation and preventing and curing project of Ludian" .In this paper, it systematically discusses the characteristics of development and distribution, and the forming conditions and mechanisms of the geological hazards in Ludian County with methods such as geological field investigation, data processing and GIS model calculating. On this basis, the major indexes affecting the forming of the geological hazards are selected, and zoning of the occurrence probability of the geological hazards is made by the comprehensive information model in MAPGIS. According to the distribution characteristics of towns, important engineering constructions, and local sustainable development plans, constructing a model for zoning of geological hazards. The main conclusions of this research are drawn as following:(1)The main types of geological hazards in Ludian County include landslide, mud-rock flow, unstable slope and ground fissure, of which landslide is the most serious one.Each hazard has its characters and spatial laws.(2)The scale of landslips relies mainly on the fact that medium-sizednd small-scale in the district; Landslip destroy the mode and rely mainly on compounding type; Landslip bed material is mainly soil; It’s thickness layer not shallow for being getting more middle-level mainly;They strongly effected by topographical geological condition,most landslips lay on the escarpment; The form type of debris flow is mainly valley type,secondly is slope type;the unstable slope distribute abroadly in the county,the total number is 58.(3)The results of information value calculation show that, among the factors affecting the forming of landslides, the following attributes are gained: intense degree of conformation, soft-rock such as argillaceous rock mass, slope angle, raining and human engineering activities, which are dominant. Combined with the development characteristics of other geological hazards, the occurrence possibility of them can be divided into four grades: the most high probability, high probability, medium probability.(4) According to the people-oriented principle, based on zoning of the geological hazard risks, combined with the development characteristics of the geological hazard and the danger degree, it zones Ludian County in some aspects of geological hazard prevention and control, and it divides the Ludian County into three-grade areas including the key preventing areas, the secondary preventing areas and the general preventing areas.更多还原