【作者】 刘芳；

【导师】 周义发；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 生物化学与分子生物学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 青蒿(artemisiae annuae,herba)是我国传统药用蒿属植物黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)的干燥地上部分,具有清热解暑、除湿、截虐等功效,其主要有效成分为青蒿素和挥发油等。现代药理学研究表明,青蒿素具有抗虐、抗菌、解热、增强免疫等药理作用;青蒿挥发油具有抗菌、消炎、镇咳祛痰等作用,还可用以治疗神经性皮炎、皮肤真菌病等疾病。目前国内外对青蒿的研究主要集中于对青蒿素及其衍生物的研究,而对青蒿挥发油的研究及报道很少。本文采用水蒸气蒸馏法在最佳提取条件下对不同生长期和不同贮存期的青蒿的出油率进行对比,同时还检验了青蒿挥发油的抗植物病原真菌活性。实验结果表明,不同生长期的青蒿出油率有很大的差别,盛花期出油率明显高于其他生长期。随着贮存期的延长,出油率逐渐降低。在青蒿挥发油抗真菌实验中,采用滤纸片法对4种受试菌种进行抑菌试验,结果表明:青蒿挥发油对受试菌种均有明显的抑菌作用。在此基础上分别对各受试菌种进行最低抑菌浓度(MIC)测定。结果表明:青蒿挥发油对白菜白斑病菌(Cercosporella brassicae Hoehnel)、葱紫斑病菌(Alternaria porri Cif)的最低抑菌浓度为3.13mg/ml。而对小麦赤霉病菌(Gibberella zeae petch)、烟草赤霉病菌(Alternaria longipes Tisdale)的最低抑菌浓度为6.25mg/ml。更多还原

【Abstract】 Artemisiae annuae is the dry overground part of a traditional Chinese medicine, Artemisia annua L.. Many studies have demonstrated that Artemisiae annuae has remarkable pharmacological activities, such as heat-clearing, anti-rheumatism and anti-malaria effects. Artemisinin and essential oil are the major active components of Artemisiae annuae. Studies have demonstrated that artemisinin is effective in anti-malaria, anti-microbial, heat-clearing and immunoenhancement, while essential oil in Artemisiae annuae is effective in anti-microbial, antiphlogistic, antitussive, and so on. So far, most studies are focused on artemisinin and its derivatives, while the study and report about the essential oil are rare. In this paper, the oil yielding rates (OYR) in different growth periods and different storage periods were compared using vapor distillation method under optimum extraction conditions. And the anti-fungi effects of essential oil in Artemisiae annuae were studied, as well.The results showed that there was obvious differente production of OYR in different growth periods. The OYR was much higher in full-bloom stage than other stages.The filter paper method was used to test the anti-fungi effects of essential oil against four phytopathogens: Cercosporella brassicae Hoehnel, Alternaria porri Cif, Gibberella zeae petch and Alternaria longipes Tisdela. The results showed that the essential oil had obvious inhibitory rate against all the four fungi we used. And the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against the four fungi were tested using the plate culture method. The result showed that the MIC against Cercosporella brassicae Hoehnel and Alternaria porri Cif was 3.13 mg/ml while against Gibberella zeae petch and Alternaria longipes Tisdela, the MIC value was 6.25 mg/ml.更多还原