【作者】 于丹丹；

【导师】 路海东；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在阅读了大量中英文关于自我妨碍问题研究文献的基础上,对自我妨碍的概念、研究方法和理论,以及对当前国内外关于自我妨碍问题研究的现状进行了综述,并针对有争论的问题设计了相应的实验予以验证和解决。本实验的目的是考察非依随性强化比率和任务难度对大学生采用自我妨碍行为的影响作用。本研究采取E-Prime编程实验任务—实验室施测的模式,对东北师范大学和延边大学两所学校的学生进行随机性选取,施测过程中,通过控制非依随强化的不同比率使被试对自己能否完成任务产生不确定感觉,以考察被试在不同的成败经验、任务难度下,自我妨碍行为的变化有何规律。结果表明:1、随着非依随性强化比率的正确率由低到高,在成功率更大一些的情境中,被试会会采取更多的自我妨碍行为;在失败率更大一些的情境中,同样会采取较多的自我妨碍行为;而在中间比率的情境中,大多不会采取自我妨碍行为。2、任务难度对自我妨碍行为的主效应不显著,即无论任务难度的高低水平如何,都能够引起自我妨碍行为。3、自陈式自我妨碍与行为式自我妨碍具有不一致性。4、性别因素与非依随性强化比率对自我妨碍行为的影响存在明显的交互作用,成功率极高的情境下,女生明显要比男生更多地采用自我妨碍行为。5、在自我妨碍类型的选择上,男生比女生更多采取行动式自我妨碍行为。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on lots of references of self-handicapping betweetn domestic and foreign, this article summarizes the development on the concepts,research methods,theories,as well as the status of self-handicapping problem research in these days. Then we make a thorough analysis towards the argues that the researchers focus on and try to design the corresponding experiment to confirm and the solve these problems.The purpose of this study were to assess the influnce of noncontingent reinforcement and task’s difficulty on self-handicapping behaviour. This research adopts E-Prime which is a experiment duty programming– laboratory implementation mode, 144 grduates from Northeast normal university and Yanbian university were assigned randomly, Executes measured in the processing, in order to cause indefinite feeling,whether to try to complete the duty oneself , through the control of different ratio about noncontingent reinforcement , inspects the rule of self- handicapping behavior change under the different success or failure experience.The result indicated that,1. Along with the correct rate of noncontingent reinforcement is from low to high,under the situation of noncontingent sucsess,the subjects were apt to adopt the more self- handicapping behavior; under the situation of noncontingent defeat, similarly can adopt more self-handicapping behavior; however, in the middle ratio situation, mostly cannot adopt the self-handicapping behavior.2. Regardless of the task’s difficulty, all is to cause self- handicapping behavior easyly.3.Behavior self-handicapping and self-reported self-handicapping had the nonuniformity.4. The Sex factor and noncontingent reinforcement, existence obvious correlation to the self- handicapping behavior, under the situation of the success ratio is extremely high, the female more uses the self- hindrance behavior.5. Compared to the female,in choosing the kind of self- handicapping behavior , the male adopts the type of behavior self- handicapping behavior morely.更多还原