【作者】 邹宁；

【导师】 支二林；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究在借鉴相关研究成果及其他领域研究的基础上,以文化背景差异较大的长春市大学生和波士顿大学生为调查对象,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法,通过运用体育活动态度调查表测试,对长春市和波士顿两地大学生体育态度及影响体育态度的因素进行比较,以探求两地区大学生对体育活动的心理反应倾向和需求意向。通过比较其异同,揭示其体育行为的内在动力所在,找出影响体育态度的主要因素,引导他们更积极地参与体育活动,促进身心健康。同时为行政主管部门在学校体育管理上进行宏观决策,为体育教师如何培养大学生积极的体育态度提供理论依据和参考。通过研究得出如下结论:长春市大学生体育态度的综合排序是身心健康、精神解脱、社交、审美、自我磨练和追求刺激。波士顿大学生体育态度的综合排序是身心健康、审美、社交、精神解脱、追求刺激和自我磨练。长春市大学生对体育功能的认识及从事体育的动机主要是促进身心健康与增进社会交往,而在通过体育追求刺激这方面比较消极,对于其他功能的认识态度较为中性。波士顿大学生同样认为身心健康是体育的主要功能,并且表现出对体育美的认可。波士顿大学生除女性在追求刺激和自我磨练的维度上态度不积极,其他维度都持肯定的态度。波士顿大学生的体育态度强于长春市大学生。男性大学生在社交、追求刺激和审美维度上差异显著;女性大学生则在社交、身心健康和审美维度上差异显著。在两地大学生体育态度体系中,身心健康维度都占据了核心和主导地位。影响两地区大学生积极体育态度形成的因素包含三个方面内容。既社会因素、文化因素、教育因素对长春市、波士顿两地大学生的影响程度不尽相同。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the relevant research results and other research fields and taking the college students in Changchun City and Boston as research subjects with great different cultural backgrounds, this thesis adopts methodologies of literature data, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics and logical analysis, and compare the attitudes of college students from the two cities towards sports and the factors influencing their sports attitudes through questionnaire test for sports attitude to explore the students’tendency to psychological reactions and demand intentions. By comparing the similarities and differences, the thesis reveals the intrinsic force of the their sport acts, and finds out the main factors affecting sport attitudes, and guides them to participate in sports activities more actively, and promotes their physical and mental health. At the same time, it provides a theoretical basis and reference for administrative departments in charge of sports management in schools on the macro decision-making and for game teachers to train the students’active sport attitudes. Study educes the following conclusions:The comprehensive compositor of college students’sport attitudes in Changchun City is physical and mental health, mental relief, sociality, aesthetics, self-anneal and the pursuit of self-stimulation, while that of college students in Boston is physical and mental health, aesthetics, sociality, spiritual relief, the pursuit of self-stimulation and self-anneal.The acknowledgement of sport’s functions and motivation of engaging in sports for college students in Changchun City are to promote physical and mental health and the promotion of social interaction, while they are negative in pursuit of stimulation through sports and neutral to understand other functions of sports. Similarly, college students in Boston think that physical and mental health is the main function of sports, and show the recognition of aesthetics in sports. In addition to women’s negative attitudes towards the pursuit of stimulation and self-anneal among Boston college students, they are positive in other dimensions. Boston college students have stronger attitudes towards sports than students in Changchun City. There are obvious differences in male college students’social interaction, pursuit of stimulation and dimensions of aesthetics; while social interactions, physical and mental health and dimensions of aesthetics vary significantly among female college students. In the system of college students in the two cities, the dimensions of physical and mental health occupy a dominant position.There are three factors influencing the form of positive attitudes towards sports of both the college students—cultural traditions, ethnic differences, teaching methods, and the factors influence college students’attitudes in the two cities with different degrees.更多还原