【作者】 李刚；

【导师】 马云鹏；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 工程研究中心是一种以市场为导向的新型科研开发实体,是促进科学技术向现实生产力转化的重要工具,也是促进政府、高校与企业三者紧密结合,共同完善国家创新系统的重要组成部分。工程研究中心肩负着工程研究、工程服务、工程教育三个互相有机联系的任务。我国工程研究中心建设十多年来在促进产学研结合、提高工业技术水平、培养工程技术人才方面取得了不小的成就,但是其在运行过程中也逐渐暴露了很多问题,如定位与发展方向不明确,与各方利益关系不确定,权益分配不清晰,内部管理僵化等问题严重制约了其健康运行与目标的实现。本文以校企共建工程研究中心为研究对象,对其存在的问题进行深入分析,从机制角度出发提出建立校企共建工程研究中心协同机制模式,为工程研究中心的发展提供理论指导。全文共分四章,具体内容如下:第一章、工程研究中心的现状分析。首先介绍了工程研究中心产生的历史背景:科技作用的凸现和科技的综合化是其产生的根本原因;国际竞争形势的变化使美国工业面临严峻挑战是其产生的直接原因。然后从实践发展与理论研究两个方面介绍了国内外工程研究中心的现状:主要总结了美国工程研究中心、澳大利亚合作研究中心以及我国工程研究中心的理论与实践现状,并将国内外工程研究中心的情况进行了对比,从工程研究中心的数量、性质、对工程化教育与产业协调的重视程度、工业界参与者四个方面分析了我国工程研究中心存在的问题,总结出了值得借鉴的经验。第二章、工程研究中心的问题及成因。在工程研究中心理论研究与实践发展的基础上分析了目前工程研究中心在运行过程中存在的几个关键的问题:工程研究中心定位与发展方向不明确,工程研究中心与政府、高校和企业关系不确定,工程研究中心权益分配不清晰,工程研究中心内部管理不完善等问题,并对问题产生的原因进行了分析,指出工程研究中心由于存在上述问题已经严重制约了其在市场经济中的健康发展。第三章、工程研究中心发展机制。本章是论文的核心内容,在前文论述的基础上,针对目前工程研究中心存在的问题,提出建立校企共建工程研究中心协同机制模式,分别从环境影响作用、政府职能转变、权益分配方式以及实施项目管理模式四个方面解决工程研究中心存在的问题1、工程研究中心与环境的相互作用,明确工程研究中心所处的宏观环境,既为工程研究中心这一微观实体的运行提供了保障,同时环境对工程研究中心的作用也在某种程度上约束了工程研究中心的运行状况。社会文化环境的潜移默化作用要求工程研究中心必须解决两个不同组织特征、文化背景与价值取向的组织之间相互融合的问题;科技环境要求工程研究中心在不确定的技术环境充分整合高校与企业资源,形成和发展自己的核心技术能力;制度法律环境为工程研究中心技术成果免受侵犯提供了知识产权保护政策;产业组织环境使工程研究中心的运作模式可以多样化;市场环境要求工程研究中心必须进行改革,引入市场竞争机制;金融环境为工程研究中心的发展开辟了广阔的融资空间。2、政府对工程研究中心职能转变的过程:分析了政府在市场发育不良的情况对工程研究中心起到的作用,随着市场体系的不断健全,政府应逐渐转变角色,以委托代理理论处理工程研究中心引入市场机制之后政府与工程研究中心的关系,并提出政府对工程研究中心应加强目标管理,减少过程中的直接干预的观点。3、通过研究高校、企业与工程研究中心的相互作用关系,解决工程研究中心的定位与发展方向及权益分配问题。本部分研究两个核心问题:第一,工程研究中心实施股份制企业化运行机制是其发展趋势,结合广州新材料工程研究中心实例论述实施股份制能够为工程研究中心机制创新提供组织保证,符合工程研究中心的定位,有利于处理工程研究中心与高校和企业关系,进行清晰合理的权益分配等优势。第二,工程研究中心权益分配的内容:一是技术成果的归属,即知识产权问题;二是经济利益的分配。对于知识产权问题,研究高校投入工程研究中心技术成果的知识产权保护问题,工程研究中心与企业合作的知识产权保护问题以及工程研究中心申请国家或地方科技项目的知识产权保护问题,并结合集成电路系统国家工程研究中心的实例分析了工程研究中心形成自主知识产权的重要性。提出工程研究中心实行按股分成的利润分配方式,结合吉林大学特种工程塑料教育部工程研究中心实例重点研究了工程研究中心实行按股分成必须遵循的原则,为工程研究中心实施股份制提供指导作用。4、从项目管理层面研究工程研究中心内部管理问题,根据工程研究中心所处的市场环境及其自身的特点,将项目管理思想引入工程研究中心的内部管理中,提出工程研究中心基于项目管理模式,解决工程研究中心内部管理僵化问题。第四章、结论,对本文研究作出的简要总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Engineering research center is a new science research and development unit oriented from market. It is an important tool to stimulate the change of science technology to real productivity. It also stimulates the close combination among government, university and corporation. All together they improve the important part of national innovation system. Engineering research includes engineering research, engineering service and engineering education. China engineeringt research center made great achievement in recent ten years in terms of the combination of production and study, improvement of industry technology level and cultivating project technology persons. But it also has many problems such as unclear orientation and development, uncertain interest relation with other parts, unclear distribution of rights and interests and internal management rigidity and etc. These problems seriously restrict its efficient running and the realization of its aim. This article analyzes the university and corporation cooperation engineering center. It provides the cooperation mode of university and corporation cooperation engineering center. It provides the theory guide for engineering research center. This article has fore chapters as follows:The first chapter introduces the history background of engineering research center such as: the basic reason, that is the integration of science and technology; the international competition changing influences the American industry. It introduces the situation of national and international engineering research center: mainly concludes American engineering research center, Australia cooperation research center and china engineeringt research center theory and practice situation. And it compares the national and international engineeringt research center. It analyzes china engineering research center problems and experiences from four aspects: the quantity, quality, the emphasis degree to engineering education and industry co-operation, and industry participants.The second chapter analyzes now engineering research center’s several key problems on the basis of theory research and practice development: unclear orientation and development of engineering research center, uncertain relations among engineering research center and government, universities and corporations, unclear rights and interests distribution of engineering research center, faultiness of engineering research center internal management and so on. Then it finds the reasons of these problems. These problems restrict the engineering research center development in the marketing economics.The third chapter is most important part of the article. It talks about cooperation mechanism mode of universities and corporation engineering research center. It solves the engineering research center problems in terms of environment effects, government rights change, rights and interest distribution mode and implementing project management mode.1. Engineering research center and environment reciprocity, the macro environment of project research center provides guarantee for the entity of engineering research center. At the same time, the environment role to engineering research center restricts the running status of engineering research center. The influence of social culture environment demands engineering research center solve two different organization characteristics, culture background and value orientation cooperation problems. Science environment demands engineering research center conform university and corporation and develop its own core technology ability; system law environment provides knowledge protect policy for engineering research center technology results; industry organization environment multiplies the engineering research center running modes; market environment demands engineering research center change and introduce market competition mechanism; finance environment provides big financing space for engineering research center.2.Government’s right and interest change to engineering research center: analyze government’s role to engineering research center under bad market situation with the sanity of market system, role change of government, the relation of engineering research center and government. It has view of increasing purpose management of government to engineering research center, and decreasing direct interruption to engineering research center.3.Settlement engineering research center orientation and development and rights and interest problems with the study among university, corporation and engineering research center. This part analyzes two core problems: the first, engineering research center will use stock system corporation running mode. This mode will provide organization guarantee for engineering research center. The second, the content of engineering research center: first one is the belonging of technology results. That is knowledge rights issue. The second one is the distribution of economic interests. It is important for engineering research center to have self knowledge right. It means that engineering research center will distribute its profits according to stock with the example of Jilin university special engineering plastic education ministry. This will guide the engineering research center.4.Project management layer studies engineering research center internal management problems according to market environment and its own characteristic. It takes the project management idea to the engineering research center internal management. It will solve the rigidity problem of project research center management. The forth chapter concludes the main point of this article.更多还原