【作者】 南海冰；

【导师】 张树天；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 新课程标准的公布,带来了语文教学的重大变革,做为主阵地的课堂也同样产生出各种各样的教学观念,教学方法的变化也是必然。20世纪以来对于语文教学传统讲授法有种种的非难和抨击并不能抹灭它在课堂教学中的有效性、重要性;但也不能否认它的刻板性和无序性。所以,在传统讲解法教学的基础上,做为课堂教学中重要的辅助教学就是“空白艺术教学”。本文从建构主义理论出发对传统语文教学的缺失进行反思,从语文教学工具性和人文性统一的角度,阐述语文课堂上重要的辅助教学方法――“空白艺术教学”。语文课堂教学中“空白艺术教学”的提出是从中国古代老庄道家的“有无相生”“虚实统一”的宇宙观,魏晋玄学的“贵无”思想,禅宗的顿悟,直到“艺术空白”的形成,以及西方“空白艺术”理论的完善,由“空白艺术”的特点迁移到语文课堂教学中来的。文中寻求了“空白艺术教学”提出的心理依据和理论依据,指出建构主义与多元智能理论对语文教学的影响。阐述了教师在语文课堂上过于功利地追求导致语文课魅力的缺失,使改变语文课堂教学模式成为必须。在探究学习中,语文教师对“空白艺术教学”有一定的理解,也出现了一些误解,通过调查发现语文教师在运用“空白艺术教学”中存在着三大误区必须在课堂教学中引起注意。一个好的教师应该在语文传统的言语讲授过程中辅以“空白艺术教学”,给学生一个感到无忧无虑的空间,一种可以探索、表达、分享思想、计划和产品的自我完善的空间,来创造意义建构、知识建构的领地,这是教学中的关键问题,所以语文教师要在课堂中对自己和学生的角色有正确的认识,才能在课堂上利用“空白艺术教学”对学生进行引导、在课堂上实际操作、并掌握运用技巧、遵循使用时的原则。笔者以“空白艺术教学”的运用、效果为核心,聚焦和发散,试探讨其在课堂教学中涉及的各个方面的问题,以及在语文教学中使用“空白艺术教学”的重要意义。实际上,在我们过去的语文课,教师里知识霸权的现象的确是普遍而深刻的存在着:学生批判与反驳的机会和权力长期被剥夺;学生们以课本上的观点或别人的认识代替他自己的认识;学生的生活、经验、知识、观点和见解,在语文课堂没有地位,不受重视,甚至遭遇排斥;学生自主探究与自主建构的权力长期不被承认。所以语文课堂教学应该打破教师的知识霸权、话语霸权,利用“空白艺术教学”把学习的选择和自由还给学生,让学生自由的在知识的海洋翱翔。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the new course standard being announced, it brings great reformation of the language teaching .Being used as the classroom of the main battlefield, it also has a variety of teaching methods .The variety of the teaching method is also inevitable. Since the twentieth century there have been all kinds of blame and attack to the traditional ways of teaching and it can’t put out the usefulness and importance in the classroom teaching. But the inflexible and disorder can’t also be denied .Thus, in the foundation of the tradition explanation teaching method, the important extended teaching in the classroom is a " space art teaching ".This thesis intends self-examination to the shortcoming of the traditional language teaching from the construction or purchasing doctrine theories, from the language teaching tool with angle that humanities unify, expatiate the most important extended teaching in classroom in language method - space art teaching.Putting forward to the Chinese classroom teaching, inside" space art teaching" first dates back to from east to west, from the ancient and old Chuang in China Taoist of " having no living mutually" " the truth or falsity unifies " of cosmos view, the metaphysics of "Wei Jin" of the expensive having "no thought", and the Chan’s realize suddenly , until the formation of the " art blank", and improvement of the western" blank art" theoretical , generalize the characteristics of the " blank art" and clarify mental basis and theoretical basis in the teaching language and point out to construct or purchase the doctrine with the diverse intelligence theories to the influence of the language teaching; Secondly clarify the teacher to purse the Chinese classroom utility causing an imperfect language lesson magic power, making it necessary to change Chinese classroom teaching mode become expatiate again in investigate study Chinese teacher to the comprehension of the " space art teaching" with misunderstand, by the inquisition ,we discovers Chinese teachers are making use of the mistake in the " space art teaching" area. Point is territory that perfect space in ego to discuss a good teacher should assist in traditional speech in language tuition process with the " space art teaching", give students a carefree space, a kind of investigate, expression, sharing thought, plan with product, to create meaning construction or purchase, knowledge construction or purchase. This problem is a textual key, so this text talks to rise from the language teacher in classroom make the student’s role fixed position to oneself, then from the Chinese classroom the teacher makes use of the " space art teaching" to the student’s leading, expounds teacher involved in the actual operation in the classroom, and application technique and principle when using , and focus on the application and result of the " space art teaching" gather with disperse , try to discuss the problems in the classroom teaching. The problem spoken of finally is to use the important meaning of the "space art teaching" in language teaching.In reality, during the Chinese language teaching, the phenomenon of the knowledge hegemony is really widespread but deeply. The opportunity and power of the students’ judgment were deprived over a long period of time, Students replace their own cognition with the standpoint of lesson this top or the cognition of other people. The student’s life, experience, knowledge, standpoint and views, have no the position in the language classroom, they are not recognized, even suffer to reject. Student’s independence investigates power that construct or purchase with independence over a long period of time is not admitted. So the Chinese classroom teaching should break the teacher’s knowledge hegemony, words language hegemony, making use of the "space art teaching" to return the choice and freedom of the study to student, let students fly freely in the knowledge ocean.更多还原