【作者】 李蓉；

【导师】 张硕新；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 在全球人类面临生存环境危机的背景下,随着环境意识的普及、重新审视旅游业的影响、保护与开发观念的改变以及消费市场的转变,一种有别于传统大众旅游,将游憩活动与生态保护、环境教育以及文化体验相结合的旅游型态——生态旅游产生并逐渐兴起。生态旅游作为一种新的旅游发展方式,具有普及性和专业性、原始性和生态文化性、消费性和生产性、以及宣传教育等特点,其产生不仅在于适应了人们回归自然的需求,更在于迫切需要改变全球生态危机日益严重的形势。它从经济、环境和文化生活方面影响着人类社会。生态旅游的实施对于旅游区的环境保护和可持续发展有着重大的现实意义。在国际上,较早发展生态旅游的国家有美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和肯尼亚等。本文介绍了国际上开展生态旅游的主要内容和形式,采取了文献分析的方法研究了成功开展生态旅游的国家发展生态旅游的概况和实践模式及经验,以期对我国生态旅游的发展提供借鉴。中国拥有十分丰富和独特的生态旅游资源,大力发展生态旅游既符合国际旅游发展的潮流,也符合我国环境保护的国策,有利于旅游业的可持续发展。但是,目前在生态旅游的实践中存在地质地貌破坏严重、资源粗放开发、生态系统失调、环境污染和生态旅游者及从业人员素质参差不齐等有背于环境保护宗旨的问题,本文从思想意识、经济利益、主观决策和其他产业的影响等角度分析了存在问题的原因,探讨了我国生态旅游发展中存在的诸如立法不完善、执法不严、监督不力和宣传教育有待加强等法律保障问题。并据此从立法、执法、法律监督和宣传教育方面提出了完善中国生态旅游法律保障的构想。更多还原

【Abstract】 Facing the deteriorated living environment condition and with popularization of environment awareness, reexamining the influence of tourism, changes of protection and development concept as well as transfer of consumption market, a new kind of tourism different from the traditional tourism-ecotourism featured by combining travel with ecological protection, environment education and learning culture emerged and developed gradually.As a new tourism development style, ecotourism has the characteristics of combining popularization with specialization, primitivism with eco-culture, consumption with production, and educational function, etc. Besides, ecotourism, which influenced the human society in the aspects of economy, environment and culture, not only satisfied the demand to return to nature for human beings but also was suitable for changing the situation of global worsening ecological crises. There were great benefits to carry out ecotourism for environmental protection and sustainable development in ecotourism areas.The countries such as America, Canada, Australia and Kenya developed ecotourism early. This thesis introduces the main contents and forms of ecotourism in international world, and adopts the method that documents are analyzed to study the development overview, practice mode and experience of ecotourism abroad in the hope to supply some advice for ecotourism development in China.There are abundant and distinctive ecotourism resources in China, It is not only in line with the international tourism development trend, but also in keeping with China’s national policy of protecting environment to develop ecotourism vigorously which is beneficial for sustainable development of China’s ecotourism. But there are land destroy, extensive resource exploitation, environmental pollution and ecosystem imbalance, etc in the practice of ecotourism nowadays. The reasons of those problems existing are analyzed from the aspects of ideology, economic interests, subjective decisions and the effects of other industries, the legal problems existing in ecotourism, such as imperfection of legislation, enforcement and supervision of laws are studied, and the suggestions for perfecting the ecotourism law in china are put forward.更多还原