【作者】 刘志红；

【导师】 李周岐；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 林木遗传育种， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 接骨木（Sambucus williamsii Hance）为忍冬科接骨木属落叶灌木，广泛分布于我国北方地区。接骨木不仅是园林绿化、堤岸固坡和荒山绿化的理想树种，也是良好的用材树种，具有很高的观赏价值、食药用价值和生态价值，大力开发利用接骨木必将带来很高的经济效益、社会效益及生态效益。接骨木传统的育苗方法为实生繁殖、扦插繁殖、嫁接繁殖等，这些方法的繁殖系数较低、周期长、远不能满足市场的需求。因此，如果想短期内得到可供大面积栽培的接骨木苗木，为种质资源的离体保存和遗传改良奠定基础，组织培养是有效可行的方法。为了加快引种和人工栽培步伐，培育出高质量的苗木，大规模生产和推广新优品种，本文以接骨木茎段、叶片等为外植体，对其组织培养技术进行了较为系统的研究。主要研究结果如下：1．基本培养基和植物生长调节剂的浓度及配比对接骨木茎段培养有着较大影响，MS是腋芽诱导萌发和增殖的适宜基本培养基。在诱导腋芽萌发时，在培养基MS+6-BA 2．0mg．L^-1+NAA 0．2 mg．L^-1+蔗糖30 g．L^-1+琼脂6 g．L^-1上能取得最好效果，接种15d后获得健壮的芽。适宜芽增殖的培养基为MS+TDZ 0．03 mg．L^-1+6-BA mg．L^-1+蔗糖30 g．L^-1+琼脂6 g．L^-1，培养25天增殖系数为3．8。适宜生根的培养基是1／2MS+IBA0．2 mg．L^-1和6-BA 0．1 mg．L^-1+蔗糖30 g．L^-1+琼脂6 g．L^-1，20d后生根率高达100％上，根毛区长达2．0 cm。试管苗的质量和移栽后的保湿是确保移栽成活的两大关键因素，健壮的试管苗移栽后用地膜保湿7天以上，成活率达95％以上。2．接骨木愈伤组织的诱导较为容易，以叶片和新梢茎段作为外植体均可诱导出高质量的愈伤组织。将新梢茎段接种在培养基MS+6-BA 0．1 mg．L^-1+2，4-D 0．5 mg．L^-1+蔗糖30 g．L^-1+琼脂6 g．L^-1+PVP 0．1 g．L^-1上，30-40d后能获得大量生长良好的愈伤组织。为使愈伤组织保持旺盛的活力和分化能力，在继代培养中逐渐以NAA代替2，4-D。在MS+6-BA 0．5 mg．L^-1+NAA 1．0 mg．L-1+蔗粮30g．L^-1+琼月旨6g．L^-1+PVP 0．1g．L^-1上时增殖效果最好，在此培养基上生长的愈伤组织增殖速度快、增殖倍数高，有利于愈伤组织的快速增殖。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sambucus williamsii Hance is a deciduous shrub of the capnfoliaceae, which widely distributed in northern China. It is a kind of valuable tree for it’s more economic, social and ecological benefits. Presently, Sambucus williamsii Hance are mainly bred through sowing seeds and the cutting, but these ways have difficulty to satisfy the production and the application need. In order to speed up the pace of introduction and artificial cultivation, produce high-quality seedling, large scale production and promote new superior varieties, seedling stems with axillary bud, leaves and other organizations of Sambucus williamsii Hance were used as explants to conduct in vitro culture .The main results are as follows:1. The axillary buds were quickly induced from stems under the medium MS + NAA 0.2 mg. L^-1 + 6-BA 2.0 mg. L^-1 + sugar 30 g. L^-1+ agar 6 g. L^-1, and after 15 days, the robust buds can be gotten .The optimum multiplication culture medium for the buds was MS +TDZ 0.03 mg. L^-1 + 6-BA 2.0 mg. L^-1 + sugar 30 g. L^-1+ agar 6 g. L^-1, and after 25 days multiplication coefficient was 3.8. The highest induction frequency of roots could be gotten in medium 1/2MS + IBA 0.2 mg. L^-1 + 6-BA 0.1 mg. L^-1+ sugar 30 g. L^-1 + agar 6 g. L^-1, and the rate reached 100%. The root’s growth was better and the length of district root hairs was 2.0 cm. When transplanted in pots with the mediems of 1 perlite : 2 humus, most of the little tree can grow well.2. It was easy to induce higher quality of callus from leaves and new tree top stem section of Sambucus williamsii Hance. The most appropriate medium was MS + 6-BA 0.1 mg. L^-1+ 2, 4-D 0.5 mg. L^-1 + sugar 30 g. L^-1+ agar 6 g. L^-1 + PVP 0.1 g. L^-1, on which well grown callus could be induced in great number in 30-40 days. To keep the hearty vigor and differentiation ability of callus, and 2, 4-D was gradually replaced by NAA, MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg. L^-1+ NAA 1.0 mg. L^-1+ sugar 30 g. L^-1+ agar 6 g. L^-1 + PVP 0.1 g. L^-1 was most suitable for multiplication of callus with higher multiplication coefficient and healthy growth. The adventitious buds had not been induced from callus. Further research should be conducted in the future.更多还原