【作者】 路纹纹；

【导师】 吕新民；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 棉花水分测定是棉花生产、收购、加工、贮藏、检验工作的一个重要环节,棉花的高水分,不仅影响棉花的真实重量和棉纤维的物理、化学性能,而且对棉花的收购、加工、储存、运输及纺织使用等都有重要的影响,严重的给国家造成巨大损失。所以,研究棉花水分测定具有十分重要的意义。目前在我国广泛应用的棉花水分测试仪器基本上是早期研制的电阻式水分测量仪,这类仪器存在着操作过程繁琐、体积大、携带不便、显示也不直观的缺点,而国外同类产品价格昂贵、维修困难、难以推广。因此,研究设计性能稳定、环境适应性强、测量准确、使用方便的棉花水分测量仪器,具有十分重要的意义。论文研究分析了目前棉花类水分测试仪器的现状,对其优缺点进行了比较;研究设计了一种新型棉花水分测试系统:采用8位PIC16C74单片机和低湿传感器HM1520模块为核心设计的棉花水分智能测试系统,它具有超低功耗、快速性、低成本和体积小的优点。PIC16C74单片机的超低功耗特性及强大的扩展功能特别适合用在便携式智能仪器之中,而HM1520是一款适合于低湿测量系统的传感器(量程为0～20% ,工作温度范围为-30℃～+60℃),十分适合棉花的湿度(正常棉花7%～11%)测量。论文完成了测试系统的硬件设计和软件设计。硬件电路设计中,包括了单片机PIC16C74主机模块、低湿度传感器HM1520模块、串口通讯RS232C模块、人机对话功能模块、声光报警模块和电源及电源处理模块等。论文软件设计部分采用了模块化设计方法,设计了系统主程序模块、数据处理子程序模块、键盘显示管理子程序模块、声光报警子程序模块以及通讯子程序模块等。论文在将PIC系列单片机用于棉花水分测试方面有所创新。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cotton moisture measurement is an important circle for the agency of cotton production、purchase、processing、storing and test. The cotton which has the higher moisture will affect strongly not only on the real weight of cotton and the physical and chemical performance of fibers, but also on the purchase、processing、storing、transportation and weaving, which could make big lost for our country. By now the extensively used cotton moisture measurement apparatus in china basically is the forepart resistance type. But this kind of apparatus also has the disadvantages ,such as it is not easy to operate、it is too large and the show of screen is not intuitive and so on. In the abroad, the similar products also has the disadvantages, such as it is too expensive、it is hard to maintenance and it is not easy to promotion and so on. Therefore it is all-important for us to design a steady performance、higher adjustability、more exact measurement and easy operating apparatus on cotton moisture measurement.After introducing the actuality and the advantages & disadvantages of the cotton moisture measurement apparatus at the present in detail, the paper put forward a new test system of cotton moisture measurement. The intelligence system makes up by the core of the 8 bit SCM PIC16C74 and sensor HM1520. The system has the merit of lower power waste、speediness、lower cost and smaller scale. The lower power waste and strong expanding function of SCM PIC16C74 is suitable to apply to the intelligence apparatus, and HM1520 (range: 0～20%, temperature scope:-30℃～+60℃) is suitable to apply to the lower measurement system, which is adapt to the cotton moisture (the normal cotton: 7%～11%) measurement.In this paper , we had completed the hardware and software of the moisture measurement system. Hardware circuit includes SCM PIC16C74 core circuit、lower moisture sensor HM1520 circuit、outer memorizer E2PROM circuit、series communication RS232C circuit、man—machine interface display and keyboard circuit、acoustic-optical alarm circuit and PMU circuit and so on.The paper completes the modularization design of the system’s software. The software system can be divided into the following module :the main system module、data processing module、keyboard displaying and managing module、acoustic-optical alarm module and communication module and so on.It is the first time that the paper applies the PIC microchip into the cotton moisture measurement system.更多还原