茶叶的化学成分研究

【作者】 李敏；

【导师】 吴立军；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳药科大学 ， 天然药物化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 茶叶(Camellia sinensis)为山茶科山茶属植物茶(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Ktze)的芽叶。《神农本草经》中己见记载,称之为“荼草”。茶树属多年生木本植物,原产于我国西南地区,现江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、云南等省均有栽培。实验表明,茶叶具有兴奋中枢神经、扩张心血管、强心、利尿、解痉、止咳及抗菌、抗肿瘤等药理作用。为了进一步明确茶叶中的化学成分组成,我们对茶叶的体积分数为70%的乙醇提取物进行了化学成分研究。经过硅胶柱色谱、羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱色谱和重结晶等方法从中分离得到了23个化合物,根据其理化性质和波谱数据并参考文献,确定了20个化合物的结构。分别为山柰酚(kaempferol,1)、槲皮素(quercetin,2)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,4)、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,5)、芦丁(rutin,6)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷(quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside,7)、正丁基-O-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(n-butyl-O-β-D-fructopyranoside,8)、绿原酸甲酯(chlorogenic methyl ester,9)、尿嘧啶(uracil,10)、没食子酸(gallic acid,11)、木栓酮(friedelin,12)、咖啡碱(caffeine,13)、α-菠甾醇(α-spinasterol,14)、α-香树脂醇(α-amyrin,15)、棕榈酸(palmitic acid,16)、可可碱(theobromine,17)、β-谷甾醇β-sitosterol,18)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,19)、原儿茶酸(3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid,20),其中化合物8、9和10为从该属植物中首次分离得到的化合物,化合物7为从该植物中首次分离得到的化合物。更多还原

【Abstract】 Camellia sinensis is a plant widely distributed in Jiangsu,Anhui,Zhejiang provinces,etc. It showed the physiological functions such as exciting central nerve system,relaxing blood vessels,diuresis,spasmolysys,relieveing the cough,anti-bacteria,anti-tumour activities and so on.In order to find new active agents from this plant,the chemical study on its constituents was carried out.By means of the chromatography on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20 columns and the recrystallizing methods,twenty-three compounds were isolated and purified. According to the physicochemical properties and the comparision with the data in the references,the structures of twenty compounds were identified as follows:kaempferol(1), quercetin(2),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4),kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside(5),rutin(6),quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside(7), n-butyl-O-β-D-fructopyranoside(8),chlorogenic methyl ester(9),uracil(10),gallic acid(11), friedelin(12),caffeine(13),α-spinasterol(14),α-amyrin(15),palmitic acid(16), theobromine(17),β-sitosterol(18),daucosterol(19),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(20). Among them compounds 8,9 and 10 were obtained from the Camellia genus for the first time,compound 7 was obtained from the Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Ktze for the first time.更多还原