【作者】 彭静波；

【导师】 华会明；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳药科大学 ， 天然药物化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在综述了豆科（Leguminosae）车轴草属（Trifolium）植物化学成分和药理活性研究的基础上,对车轴草属两种植物红车轴草和白车轴草进行了化学成分的研究,共分离得到26个化合物,其中从红车轴草中分离得到18个化合物,从白车轴草中分离得到8个化合物。综合¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR、HR-ESIMS等波谱数据,鉴定了其中的25个化合物的结构。红车轴草（Trifolium pratense Linn.）为豆科车轴草属多年生草本植物,广泛分布于温带及亚热带地区,我国各地均有栽培或野生。文献报道其具有抗肿瘤,预防胃癌、肠癌、乳腺癌,治疗骨质疏松,改善妇女更年期症状等用途。利用各种色谱手段,包括常压柱色谱、凝胶色谱、开放ODS柱色谱及制备薄层色谱等从红车轴草的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到18个化合物。通过各种理化常数测定、波谱分析等方法,鉴定了其中17个化合物的结构。它们分别为（6aR,11aR）-山槐素（（6aR,11aR）-maackiain,1）、（6aR,11aR）-三叶豆紫檀苷（（6aR,11aR）-trifolirhizin,2）、芒柄花素（formononetin,3）、芒柄花苷（ononin,4）、鹰嘴豆芽素A（biochanin A,5）、印度黄檀苷（sissotrin,6）、大豆素（daidzein,7）、大豆苷（daidzin,8）、染料木素（genistein,9）、染料木苷（genistin,10）、德鸢尾素（irilone,11）、红车轴草素（pratensein,12）、毛蕊异黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,13）、槲皮素（quercetin,14）、pinitol（15）、水杨酸（salicylic acid,16）、β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,17）。其中化合物15、16为首次从该植物中分离得到。白车轴草（Trifolium repens Linn.）为豆科车轴草属多年生草本植物,在全世界广泛分布。文献报道其全草可以入药,具有清热凉血,祛痰止咳,镇静止痛的功效,临床用于治疗癫痫,痔疮出血,硬结肿块等症。本文对白车轴草的95%乙醇提取物的氯仿萃取物进行了化学成分的分离和鉴定。利于各种色谱手段如硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、开放ODS柱色谱和中低压柱色谱等手段,从中分离、鉴定了8个化合物。通过各种理化常数测定、波谱分析等方法,分别鉴定为芒柄花素（formononetin,R1）、水杨酸（salicylic acid,R2）、伞形花内酯（umbelliferon,R3）、双白瑞香素（daphnoretin,R4）、trifoliol（R5）、4’-methyoxycoumestrol（R6）、美迪紫檀素（medicarpin,R7）、环阿尔廷-25-烯-3β,24ξ-二醇（cycloart-25-en-3β,24ξ-diol,R8）。其中化合物R2、R3、R4为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物R8为首次从豆科植物中分离得到。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the review on the chemical constituents and pharmacological research of the genus Trifolium,the chemical constituents of Trifolium pratense Linn.and T.repens Linn.are studied.Trifolium pratense Linn.,is a herbaceous perennial plant widely distributed in temperate and subtropical regions throughout the world.It has been used as a drug for gastric cancer,bowels cancer,breast cancer,and osteoporosis,and can also improve the condition of women’s climacteric symptoms.By means of many different chromatographic methods such as silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,open ODS column chromatography,and preparative TLC,18 compounds were isolated from Trifolium pratense.By physicochemical data and spectral methods,17 compounds of them were identified as(6aR,11aR)-maackiain(1),(6aR,11 aR)-trifolirhizin(2), formononetin(3),ononin(4),biochanin A(5),sissotrin(6),daldzein(7),daidzin(8),genistein (9),genistin(10),irilone(11),pratensein(12),calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(13),quercetin (14),pinitol(15),salicylic acid(16),andβ-sitosterol(17).Among them,compounds 15 and 16 are reported from this plant for the first time.Trifolium repens Linn.,is a herbaceous perennial plant which is distributed world-wide. It is used as an important health food for human.It has antispasmodic and expectorant properties,and is used as a drug for epilepsy,haemorrhoids,and lump.By means of many different chromatographic methods such as silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS column chromatography,and MPLC,8 compounds were isolated from T.repens. By physicochemical data and spectral methods,they were identified as formononetin(R1), salicylic acid(R2),umbelliferon(R3),daphnoretin(R4),trifoliol(R5),4’-methyoxycoumestrol (R6),medicarpin(R7),and cycloart-25-en-3β,24ξ-diol(R8).Among them,compounds 112, R3,and R4 are reported from this plant for the first time,compound R8 is reported from Leguminosae for the first time.更多还原