【作者】 赵祥欣；

【导师】 陈裕泉；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 生物医学工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 跌倒是指人身体的任何部位(不包括双脚)意外地触及地面或其它较低的平面,而当事人无法实时做出反应。跌倒是对健康,乃至生命的严重威胁,随着老龄化社会的到来,对跌倒的监测和及时报警日益成为一个紧迫的问题。跌倒监测报警系统的目标是能够将跌倒(Fall)与日常生活的正常动作(Activities of Daily Life,ADL)区分开来,准确地检测跌倒的发生,并智能判断(并执行)是否需要报警求助.从而尽可能地缩短救助时间,减小跌倒带来的伤害(尤其是“长躺”),降低误报率,最终提升被监测者的生活质量.本次研究采用了三维加速度传感器MMA7260、处理器MSP430F149及通讯模块的结构组合方案,搭建了三维加速度监测系统.研究主要分为两部分。第一,对跌倒和ADL进行定义和模式分类,并组织实验,通过佩戴在腰间的数据记录系统记录各模式下的三维加速度数据,并对其进行处理、分析和比较;第二,根据分析结果,提出了以SVM或SMA为特征量,以人体活动/静息状态及姿态(直立/躺卧)为辅助判据的算法,并总结出了具体阈值等相关参数,在随后的验证实验中取得了90%以上的识别准确率。另外,还提出了基于三维加速度数据的步态分析及跌倒预警的设想,并进行了步频分析等初步的分析与论证。更多还原

【Abstract】 The definition of unintentional fall is that some part of one’s body, except feet, hit the ground or any other lower planes accidentally, and the one could not react in time. Fall is one of the great threats against people’s health, even lives. The detection of fall is becoming more and more urgent as the aged population growing bigger and bigger. The aim of the fall detection system (FDS) is to discriminate falls and activities of daily life (ADL), to detect fall and give an alarm if necessary, thereby to shorten the time before help coming, to minimize the harm caused by fall, especially the ’long-lie’, to reduce the false alarm and to upgrade the quality of life finally.This paper presents a real-time fall detection system based on tri-axial acceleration that is made up of MCU MSP430F149, tri-axial accelerometer MMA7260 and communication module.This research was divided into two parts. First, to define the fall and ADL patterns, and to analyze and compare the different patterns’ tri-axial acceleration data which are recorded in the laboratory-based experiments. Second, based on the analysis result, to extract the threshold-based algorithms, that is based on SVM or SMA and postural orientation to distinguish fall and ADL, with the result indicating an overall accuracy over 90% through the laboratory environment trials.Besides, to present the assumes of gait feature extraction and fall forecast that is based on tri-axial acceleration, and to analyze and demonstrate briefly.更多还原