“自由”的危机

【作者】 董兆卫；

【导师】 刘成新；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 1998年,联合国新闻委员会将互联网称作继报纸、广播、电视之后出现的第四媒介。互联网的诞生和演变是人类传播史上一次革命性的变革,在整个传播领域掀起了网络革命的浪潮,“传统媒体也以直接或间接的方式全面与互联网对接,从而形成这个时代最有力的媒介观念”。不同的媒体培养不同的受众,互联网哺育了新的公共舆论的公民和参与者,也形成了新的舆论形式——网络舆论。网络舆论随着网民人数的增加和互联网的全面发展而更加活跃。本文以传播学结合信息科学和社会学为研究视角,以网络舆论的“自由传播特性——传播危机——管理对策”为主线,较为客观的探讨网络舆论传播特性及其存在的问题。论文第一章论述了网络舆论及其构成要素,从网络舆论起源、形成与发展,网络舆论传播的环境、主体、客体与渠道等方面较为全面客观的认识了“什么是网络舆论”。网络舆论借助科技的翅膀,以互联网为载体快速传播与发展,网络舆论已经成为网络传播领域一种独特的现象。第二章就从网络舆论传播中的媒体功能延伸、传播模式与传播特征、传播形态与效应、传播心理等方面审视了网络舆论传播的自由特性。网络是一把“双刃剑”,在带给网络舆论无限自由的传播特性的时候,也隐含和引发了一些传播危机。第三章总结了网络信息传播泛舆论化、网络舆论的泛娱乐化、网络谣言、网络舆论暴力化倾向等传播危机及其表现,并做了相应的归因性分析。如何对网络舆论传播进行有效的管理是一个世界性的难题,在我国同样面临着许多管理的困境与偏差。各个国家的国情不同采取的管理方式也不同,通过对国外的一些管理方式的分析和评价可以给我国的网络舆论传播管理提供一些启发。在综合考虑我国目前的网络舆论传播现状的基础上,本文提出了引导机制、控制机制、教育机制和自律机制相结合的“四位一体”传播管理策略,以期为我国相关管理部门有效管理和引导网络舆论传播提供参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 1998, the United Nations Committee on Information Called the Internet as the fourth media following the newspapers, radio, and television. The birth of the Internet and its dissemination is a revolutionary change in the history of human communication, and set off a wave of the Internet revolution in the communications field. "Traditional media have also directly or indirectly docking with the Internet, and have been formed the most powerful media concepts." Internet feeding a new public opinion citizens and participants, has also developed anew form of public opinion------network public opinion.This research takes a perspective of the integration of communication studies, information studies and sociology, and its main line is along with "Free dissemination of network public opinion—communication of crisis—management Strategies".In the first part, this paper analyzes Network public opinion and its constituent elements. From a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the perspective of "What is Network public opinion".The network public opinion has realized the fast dissemination and the development take the Internet as the carrier, and became one kind of unique phenomenon of the network dissemination domain.The second chapter passed on sowing seeds from the network public opinion the media function to extend, aspects and so on dissemination pattern and dissemination characteristic, dissemination shape and effect, dissemination psychology carefully examined the network public opinion dissemination free characteristic.The network is "the double-edged sword", it in takes to network public opinion infinite free dissemination characteristic time, also has concealed and has caused some dissemination crisis. The third chapter summarized the network information to disseminate, the network public opinion pan-entertainment, the network rumor, network public opinion violence tendency dissemination crises and the performance n, and has made corresponding turning over to because of the natural analysis.How carries on the effective management to the network public opinion dissemination is a worldwide basis difficult problem. And it s also facing many management difficult positions and the deviation in our country. Each country’s national condition adopts differently the mode of administration is also different. Analyzes the overseas management games to provide some inspirations for our country’s network public opinion management. This article proposed the guidance mechanism, the regulative mechanism, the education mechanism and the autonomy mechanism unify "quaternity" management strategies. The hope can be related the Control section effective management network public opinion dissemination for our country to provide uses for reference.更多还原