【作者】 王海鹰；

【导师】 秦耀辰； 秦奋；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,我国城市发展迅速,城市化进程的速度达到了世界同期的两倍。如何实现城市经济快速、可持续发展,成为当今人们密切关注的重大课题。城市信息化作为城市发展的一个新方向,已经成了城市发展的“加速器”。数字化与信息化建设已经成为城市现代化建设的主流和趋势。在城市化过程中,城市规划的作用显得尤为重要。但是传统的城市规划手段显然无法适应城市信息化的发展。三维虚拟城市的出现为城市规划人员提供了新的技术和手段。城市规划人员可以在一个三维虚拟的环境中,用动态交互的方式对规划城区进行全方位的审视,这是传统规划手段所无法达到的。本文在三维虚拟城市基础上提出了城市自动化生成方法的研究。以开封市汴西新区作为研究区域,以城市元胞自动机(Cellular Automata,CA)作为城市发展动力学模型,将城市新区规划作为城市模拟发展的框架,模拟三维虚拟城市的自动化生成及演化过程。本文的主要研究内容如下:1、城市功能区的生成首先在地理信息系统软件支持下,完成了城市元胞自动机所需要的基础地形数据、汴西新区土地规划数据和汴西新区项目用地统计资料的准备和处理工作,在此基础上构建了城市元胞自动机模型,并基于元胞自动机模拟得到了汴西新区2006年到2020年的发展演化数据。2、三维虚拟城市模型建设在三维建模的相关理论和方法的指导下,利用三维建模软件Terra Vista和MultiGen Creator构建了汴西新区三维地形和地物模型,建立了三维模型库。首先将地形图、遥感影像资料和道路、水系等经过转换配准后,以地形DEM、遥感影像、矢量数据等形式载入Terra Vista,统一生成了汴西新区地形模型。其次,建立城市虚拟景观的静态建筑物和动态建筑物。静态建筑物模型通过Terra Vista构建,在地形建模阶段通过点状或面状矢量数据生成。动态建筑物模型通过MultiGen Creator构建,通过三维虚拟城市生成系统实时调入三维场景。3、开发三维虚拟城市生成系统首先从理论上建立了三维坐标系统,确定了三维几何变换、投影变换和视口变换的方法。其次,在VC++6.0平台上开发了基于GeoCA-Urban模型和OpenGVS软件开发包的三维虚拟城市自动化生成系统,实现了虚拟城市多角度及自动漫游、虚拟城市自动化生成与动态显示等多种功能。系统主要通过OpenGVS软件开发包实现三维虚拟场景构建,重点解决了土地利用单元实体数据结构的建立、土地模拟数据读取与转换、三维坐标建立与换算方法、三维城市模型自动布置技术、实例对象动态管理技术及三维模型的自动演替算法等自动化生成关键技术。本文采用汴西新区2006年到2020年的发展演化数据,利用该系统生成了汴西新区(2006年-2020年)动态三维虚拟城市,结果显示:该系统的运行效率较高;三维可视化效果显著;能够反应在不同时段下城市规划对于虚拟城市格局的影响;具有一定的自动化水平,能够大规模实时自动生成三维城市景观。研究表明,采用高精度的城市元胞自动机模型,对三维虚拟城市生成的精度具有一定的影响。另外,采用中小尺度的城市功能区划分来进行虚拟城市三维模型布设更加合理,在可视化效果方面也更加真实。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the Reform,the development of our country urban is rapid,The process of urbanization speed has reached double times of world same term.. How to realize the urban economy fast and sustainable development, has becomes an important issue which people closely pay attention to now. The urban informationization as a new direction for urban development, has become the "accelerator." The digitization and the informationization construction already became mainstream and tendency of the city modernization. In the urbanized process, urban planning’s function appears especially important. But the traditional urban planning method is unable to adapt the urban informationization development obviously. The three dimensionalal virtual city’s appearance has provided a new technology and the method for the city planning staff. The urban planning staff may work in a three dimensionalal virtual environment, to plan the city with the dynamic interactive way to carry on omni-directional carefully examining, that the traditional plan methods are unable to achieve. In this paper, proposed a research problem of the Automatic-generation methods based on the three dimensionalal virtual city.Take the new developing region in west KaiFeng as a study area,and take the urban cellular automata as the the urban development dynamics model,and take the urban planning of new region as the frame of the urban simulation development, I simulate the automatic generation and the evolutionary process of three dimensionalal virtual city.This article main research content is as follows:1.Urban function area productionFirst,under the geographic information system software’s support, has completed the prepartion and handling work of the foundation topographical data, land use planning data and the developed area project land statistical data of the new developing region in west KaiFeng,which the urban cellular automata needs. Based on this, has constructed the urban cellular automaton model,and obtained the development evolution data of the new developing region in west KaiFeng from 2006 to 2020 based on the cellular automaton simulation.2. Three dimensionalal virtual ciyt model constructionUnder the three dimensionalal modelling’s correlation theories and method instruction,used the three dimensionalal modelling software Terra Vista and MultiGen Creator ,has constructed the new developing region in west KaiFeng the three dimensionalal terrain and feature model,and has established the three dimensionalal model database. First,topographic maps, remote sensing image datas and roads, water systems are passed through the transformation matching,then load them into Terra Vista by the forms of DEM, remote sensing phantom and vector data,and generate the unifed terrain model of the new developing region in west KaiFeng. Second,it establishes the static building and the dynamic building models of the urban virtual landscape.The static building models are constructed by point or surface vector data stage in Terra Vista at the stage of terrain modeling.The dynamic building models are constructed by MultiGen Creator,called in the three dimensionalal scene through the three dimensionalal virtual city generating system.3. Develops the three dimensionalal virtual city generating systemFirstly in theory,it has established the three dimensionalal coordinates system and determined the three dimensionalal geometric transform, the projection transormation and viewport transformation methods. Secondly,it has developed the three-dimensional virtual city automated generation system into the VC++6.0 platform based on the GeoCA-Urban model and the OpenGVS software development kit.The system has realized multiple perspectives and the automated roaming,automated generation, dynamic display and other functions of the virtual city.The system realizes the construction of three dimensionalal virtual scene mainly through the OpenGVS software development kit.it has solved the construction of the land use unit entity data structure,the access and conversion of the land simulation data, the three dimensionalal coordinates establishment and the conversion method, the three dimensionalal urban model automatic arrangement technology,the examples of objects dynamic management techniques and the algorithms of three dimensionalal model automated succession, such as automated generation key technologies.In this paper,it uses the development evolution data of the new developing region in west KaiFeng from 2006 to 2020,and uses the system to generate the dynamic three dimensionala virtual city(2006-2020).The results showed that: This system’s operating efficiency is high;The three dimensionalal visualization effect is remarkable;It can respond to the influence for the pattern of the virtual city in the different time intervals under the urban palnning;It can generate the large scale realtime automated three dimensionalal virtual scape.The research shows that adopting the high precision urban cellular automata has some definite influences upon the presicion about the generation of three dimensional virtual city.Moreover,using the small and medium scale urban function area planning to carry on the three dimensionalal urban model automatic arrangement are more reasonable,is also more real in the visualization effect aspect.更多还原