EPDM改性及其在阻燃绝热材料中的应用

【作者】 朱莹；

【导师】 何吉宇；

【作者基本信息】 北京理工大学 ， 材料学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文针对三元乙丙胶易燃的问题,开展化学改性及共混等方法提高其成炭性的研究。首先研究了EPDM/MVQ共混胶的加工工艺,探讨了硫化条件、共混配比对EPDM/MVQ共混胶的力学性能、热性能及微观形貌的影响,确定了较优的加工工艺及共混配比。采用溶液法合成了甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(VMMS)/ EPDM接枝产物,研究了引发剂用量、硅烷单体用量等因素对接枝率的影响。红外光谱和元素分析结果证明接枝反应成功进行,接枝率最高可达18%。通过TGA、XPS和SEM等手段研究接枝物的热性能和燃烧性能,结果表明接枝在一定程度上提高了EPDM的阻燃性。研究了白炭黑、酚醛树脂、APP等耐烧蚀填料和阻燃剂对以EPDM/MVQ共混胶为基的绝热材料力学性能和耐烧蚀性的影响,确定了材料的基础配方和制备工艺。同时发现将自制EPDM-g-VMMS填加到该绝热材料中,可大幅降低其线烧蚀率。研究了ATH用量、粒径及与APP、Trimer复配对EPDM/MVQ共混胶为基的阻燃材料性能的影响并确定了配方,利用SEM观察燃烧残炭的微观形貌,表明ATH与APP复配更利于提高阻燃性。将自制的EPDM-g-VMMS填加到EPDM/MVQ中,可使炭层更加密实。更多还原

【Abstract】 First,the processing technology of EPDM / MVQ blends was studied on this paper, and the effects of the conditions for vulcanization, blending ratio of EPDM / MVQ blends on the mechanical, thermal, morphology, and other properties were explored. The best processing technology, the best of conditions, and blending ratio were obtained, to lay the foundation for future experiments.In this paper, the graft copolymerization of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy- silane onto ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) was studied in solution. The graft copolymerization was confirmed by FT-IR. The grafting degree was determined by elemental analysis. The influences of the intiator, monomer on grafting degree were investigated. The highest grafting degree was 18%.The thermal, flame retarding effects were investigated by thermal gravimetric (TGA).The char structure was studied by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the flame retardancy was improved.Secondly, to study the EPDM / MVQ blends as the base of thermal insulation material. The best preparation methods and techniques was seeked, Sec mixing, Section 2 of the vulcanization process were designed. Through preparation and mechanical properties testing of the effects of the dosage of silicon dioxide, phenolic resin ,APP, fibre, APP and Trimer compound, a better dosage and preparation were gained. And its heat, erosion and other performance were analysed. The residual carbon morphology of combustion was observed by SEM. The best amount of silicon dioxide 15%, FB15%, APP15%, fibre 6%.Trimer on ablation resistance had slight contribution. EPDM-g-VMMS added to EPDM / MVQ, the erosion rate of the thermal insulation material significantly reduced.Finally, the flame-retardant materials based on EPDM / MVQ blends were studied. Through the use of ATH, size, ATH and APP, Trimer compound, and other aspects of preparation, and mechanical, heat, burning, and other performance testing, the best formula was gotten, and the micro-morphology of burning residual carbon was observed by SEM. The amount ATH and ATH &APP compound can improve the fire-retardant better. EPDM-g-VMMS added to EPDM / MVQ, the carbon layer was more dense.更多还原