近代法国沙龙中的音乐与音乐家研究

【作者】 乔永平；

【导师】 高士杰；

【作者基本信息】 西安音乐学院 ， 西方音乐史， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 历时三百多年的法国沙龙传统,对法国文化生活的几乎各个方面(包括西方传统的艺术音乐)均产生了巨大而深远的影响。从17世纪在法国出现,至20世纪中期消亡,沙龙传统反映了每个世纪中上层阶级的理念及需求。沙龙在当时的贵族和上层阶级生活中处于中心地位,这些社会精英通过自己的各种活动和文化观念,在社会礼节、语言、哲学、文学、艺术、政治的方面扮演了趣味主宰者的角色,从而为法国的文化发展做出了直接的贡献。沙龙同音乐之间也有着密切的联系。沙龙女主人为音乐家提供了经济和情感支持;沙龙女主人及其常客是公众音乐会和沙龙音乐会的主要听众;沙龙是音乐家展示自己的专业技能以产生更多商业效应和社会认可的理想之地。通过考察在每个世纪的沙龙中颇具代表性的音乐家、音乐曲目和乐器等,可以看出法国沙龙传统,在促进音乐和音乐家发展方面充当了重要的角色,已经成为在法国传播音乐文化的基础力量之一。尽管沙龙从未被看作是音乐发展的焦点地带,但是,在沙龙三百多年的历史中,它同音乐之间漫长而积极的联系,说明了我们需要对其进行严肃的历史性重审。尽管不是所有沙龙都应该得到这样的评价,但是基于某些沙龙的格调不高而指责所有音乐沙龙为价值不高的,是不符合历史事实的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The three-hundred-year-old French salon tradition has had a vast and profound influence upon practically all aspects of French cultural life, including that of traditional Western art music. From its inception as an institution in the early seventeenth century to its demise by the mid-twentieth century, the salon tradition reflected the ideals and current social needs of society throughout each century. The salon centered in the lives of the nobility and upper classes, these society elites were in the position to contribute directly to the development of culture through their activities, beliefs, and opinions by acting as arbiters of taste in etiquette, language, philosophy, literature, the arts, and politics. The salon has a close relationship with music. The salonnières provided musicians with financial and emotional support; The salonnières and her guest were the main audience of public concerts and salon concerts; Salons became perfect venues in which to advertise musicians’skills and expertise while gaining the publicity necessary to generate business prospects. By examining the representative musicians, their repertoire, and the instruments used in salon performances within each century, we can see that the French salon tradition, has an important role in the promotion of music and musicians, and has been one of the fundamental force in the dissemination of musical culture in French. Although the salon has never been regarded as the focal point of musical development, its long and positive association with music throughout its three-hundred-year-old history justifies that we need serious historical reconsideration and recognition of it. Though not all salons can claim these merits, it is unjustifiable to condemn the entire institution of music salons as trivial based on the poor quality of some.更多还原