【作者】 陈相亮；

【导师】 张学敏；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 职业技术教育， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 在中等职业教育规模扩招的背景下,中等职业学校面临着办学资源不足、师资短缺、职业教育服务市场秩序不健全等现状,同时社会转型和入世对职业教育提出更高的质量要求。然而,学校发展重规模、轻质量,重招生和就业安置、轻教学导致了职业教育质量的下滑,偏离了职业教育的教育目标。中等职业学校作为提供教育服务的机构,其组织的形成是技术进步、政治影响和经济发展及学校组织特性共同作用的结果。现阶段,我国职业教育己由供给驱动转向市场驱动,由选拔教育变为普及教育。职业学校组织特性的变化要求学校实现从管理到经营的转变。此种情况下,中等职业学校面临教育服务需求无限性与学校办学资源有限性之间的矛盾,面临着学生数量与质量的选择问题。解决这一矛盾的关键在于学校自身提高有限办学资源的利用效率,提高职业学校教育服务质量和数量的产出,以满足多元化利益主体的需求。但是,职业教育服务市场和外部评价机制不健全,以及职业学校自身对经济效益的追求等,造成了效率与规模研究中重数量轻质量的问题。学校管理者将提高学校效率看作为扩大规模。效率与规模的趋同,导致了中等职业学校片面扩大招生规模、忽视对教育服务质量的关注,使得中等职业学校教育偏离了教育的最终目的。中等职业学校作为经济人,学校资源的配置取决于数量和质量两者所带来的收益比较。由于利益驱动,相对于对规模的重视,学校自身缺乏持续追求和改进教育质量的动机,这导致了学校规模与教育质量之间的复杂关系。因而,政府有必要制定最低质量标准以规范办学。基于办学规模与教育质量双重因素,中等职业学校发展规模与教育质量、效率之间存在着理想状态、低于理想状态、高于理想状态的三种可能性情况,在低于理想状态和高于理想状态情况下,又分别存在发展型、平稳型和限制型等三种适度规模类型。对于不同状态下不同规模类型的学校,政府应该实行不同的政策导向,学校自身也应该采取不同的发展策略。在规模发展过程中,为保障中等职业学校的教育质量,政府需要加强对职业学校质量宏观调控,完善职业教育服务市场环境;建立健全职业教育信息系统,以沟通相关利益主体;学校需以市场需求,建立特色专业,以满足社会对教育质量的需求,同时适时调整资源配置策略,保障教育质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the process of increasing the scale of secondary vocational education,the secondary vocational schools face the situations of lacking resources for running a school、lacking of qualified teachers, unwholesome of the market order of vocational education services and so on, but the economic restructuring and China’s Accession to the WTO need the vocational and technical education have higher quality. But schools pay more attention on scale、students recruiting and employment than quantity and teaching act, this leds to the falling of the quality and the departure of educational objectives of vocational education.As an education services organization, the fomation of secondary vocational schools’ orgnization is the result of technological advance、political factors、economic developing and charicteristics of the school orgnization. Nowadays, China’s secondary vocational and technical education has changed from driven of supply to the marcket,and from selecting to educational popularization. The charicteristic of vocational schools requair schools change from administration to management. And in this situation, secondary vocational schools face the contradiction of cultivating more and better persons with ability and lacking resources for running a school,facing the choice of students’ quality and quantity. The crucial point to revolve this condiction is to increase the utilization efficiency and the outputs of quality and quantity of the schools, so as to meet the needs of pluralism benefit main body. But the unwholesome of the serves marcket of vocational education and external mechanism of appraisal and chasing of economic benefit led to value higher on quantity than quality in the research of efficiency and scale. The managers of the schools misunderstand the increasing efficiency as increasing scale. The convergence of efficiency and scale makes secondary vocational and technical schools increase the number of students one-sided and pay little attention to the education quality,this led the secondary vocational and technical education far from the final educational purposes.As an economic man, the allocation of resources of the secondary vocational schools decided on the comparision of belifits brought by quantity and quality. Because of the driven of chasing benefits, schools take more attention on how to increase the scale than how to improve the quality of education, which led to the complex relationship between development of school size and the quality of education. Therefore, government needs to make minimum quality standards to regulate schools. Based on the factors of quantity and quality, school size and the quality and efficiency of education have three possibile states, they are the ideal state, lower ideal state, and higher ideal state, and for the lower ideal state and higher ideal state, there are three possible appropriate types, they are development type、smooth type and restrict type. As for the different type and scale of schools in different situation, government should implement a different type of policy for direction, and the schools itself should also take different development strategies.In the process of scale development, in order to ensure the quality of the secondary vocational and technical education, government needs to reinforce the macroscopic readjustment and control of secondary vocational schools and perfect the environment of the secondary vocational education services marcker; establish and improve the vocational education’s information system, so as to contact with the ralated stakeholders; schools need to consider the demands of the market, and set characteristic courses, so as to neet the need of the society for the quality of education,and at the meantime, and adjust the allocation of resources strategy timely to protect the quality of education.更多还原