【作者】 周岚；

【导师】 郑涌；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究在文献综述、个别访谈和开放式问卷调查的基础上提出了关于云南地区少数民族大学生文化心理适应的理论构想,据此自行编制了少数民族大学生文化心理适应的问卷,经统计修订后形成正式问卷,通过对205名白族和回族在校大学生进行测量的结果进行了因素分析,结果表明:(1)自编的少数民族大学生文化心理适应问卷具有良好的信度和效度。采用因素分析方法将少数民族大学生文化适应分为了4个维度:去本族固着、观念适应、生活适应、学习适应。与研究构想相一致。(2)总体上看,大学生在各维度上的文化心理适应得分从高到低依次为:观念适应＞学习适应＞生活适应＞去本族固着,并且表现出显著的民族差异、性别差异,但民族和性别的交互作用不显著。(3)从具体因子水平上看,去本族固着在民族、性别的主效应以及民族、性别之间的交互作用上均存在显著差异;生活适应只在民族的主效应上显著,学习适应在性别的主效应上显著,而在两者之间的交互作用上不显著。观念适应无论是在民族和性别的主效应还是在交互作用上均不显著。(4)从民族特点来看,大学生在去本族固着维度和生活适应上都表现出了显著的民族差异,同时在总体文化心理适应也存在着很显著的民族差异,白族大学生在总体文化心理适应及去本族固着和生活适应维度上均显著高于回族大学生。(5)从性别特点来看,大学生在去本族固着维度和学习适应上都表现出了显著的性别差异,同时在总体文化心理适应上也存在着很显著的性别差异,女生在总体文化心理适应及去本族固着和学习适应维度上均显著高于男生。(6)从民族与性别的交互作用来看,民族和性别在去本族固着维度上存在着显著的交互作用。回族大学生在去本族固着上的性别差异较显著,女生较男生显著,而白族大学生性别差异不显著;男生在去本族固着上的民族差异较显著,白族较回族显著;而女生在去本族固着上的民族差异不显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 On reviewing former studies on Culture-Psychological Adaptation (CPA), the research put forward its own theoretic hypotheses based on the literature summaries, the open-ended questionnaires and individual interviews. According to it, the study designed a preliminary questionnaire on CPA of minority undergraduates, which is formed into the formal questionnaire. 205 Bai and Hui undergraduates were investigated by using the formal questionnaire. In the end, the study also examined the factor-analyze and provided some valuable conclusions:(1) The CPA questionnaire of minority undergraduate had high reliability and fair validity. By the method of factor analysis, the scale revealed four individual dimensions: De-nativefixation, Ideological Adaptation, Living Adaptation, and Learning Adaptation. It was basically consistent with the theoretical hypothesis.(2) As a whole, the order of the averages of the four factors was as follows: Ideological Adaptation, Learning Adaptation, Living Adaptation, and De-nativefixation. There were significant ethnic and gender differences, whereas no significant interaction between ethnic and gender.(3) The De-nativefixation were statistically significant in ethnic and gender and interaction between ethnic and gender. The Living Adaptation was statistically significant in ethnic, and the Learning Adaptation effect was in gender. However, the Ideological Adaptation was not statistically significant in any factor.(4) There were significant ethnic effect differences in the De-nativefixation and Living Adaptation and in the mass of CPA. The CPA and De-nativefixation and Living Adaptation levels of Bai undergraduates were significantly higher than that of Hui undergraduates.(5) There were significant gender effect differences in the De-nativefixation and Learning Adaptation and in the mass of CPA. The CPA and De-nativefixation and Living Adaptation levels of female undergraduates were significantly higher than that of male undergraduates.(6) There was significant interaction between ethnic and gender, which in the De-nativefixation effect. Hui undergraduates presented notably gender effect on the De-nativefixation, the level of female undergraduates was higher than that of male undergraduates. Male undergraduates showed obviously ethnic effect difference in the De-nativefixation, the level of Bai undergraduates was higher than Hui undergraduates, and yet female undergraduates was not prominent ethnic difference in the De-nativefixation effect.更多还原