【作者】 李丹；

【导师】 刘义兵；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 由于历史和环境的原因,在边疆少数民族聚居区,少数民族小学生的双语能力发展面临许多困难与挑战,直接制约着他们学业成绩的提高,甚至限制了他们思维的发展。因此,以突破语言障碍,促进少数民族小学生全面发展为目的的双语教学一直备受关注。拉祜族小学所开展的双语教学作为研究我国边疆少数民族双语教学的重要案例,已经历了数十年的实践演变,在积累宝贵经验的同时也出现了诸多问题,值得深入探究。笔者就以澜沧拉祜族自治县为个案,按照发现问题——聚焦困境——分析原因——提出对策的技术路线,运用文化学、语言学、教育学、心理学等学科理论,通过田野考察、课堂观察与文献分析的研究方法,比较深入地探讨了拉祜族小学双语教学的相关问题和改进策略。全文共分为四个部分:第一部分,导论。主要阐明研究缘起,梳理双语教学的研究现状,厘清了相关概念,介绍了本研究的思路与方法。第二部分,历史与现状描述。对所收集到的拉祜族小学双语教学的历史素材进行全面整理,勾勒出建国后不同历史阶段拉汉双语教学发展的特点、经验与教训。同时,采用田野工作的方法,以个别访谈、集体座谈、课堂观察与问卷调查相结合的形式,分别站在文化主位与客位的立场研究现状,记录了拉祜族小学双语教学的实施模式和课堂案例,概括了来自教师和学生的普遍观点。第三部分,困境与原因分析。立足拉汉双语教学的历史与现状,探讨拉汉双语教学在目标认识、操作规范、质量效果、语言矛盾、文化保护等方面所面临的困境。并从外到内、由表及里地系统分析,总结出关于社会文化变迁、语言文字局限、双语认识偏狭、理论研究缺失、教学资源匮乏、教学管理缺陷等六个主要原因。第四部分,对策探讨。基于对拉祜族小学双语教学的历史发展与现实困境的分析,从多元文化理论、语言学习理论和双语教育理论等视角出发,提出了包括树立多元文化教学观,重构双语教学体系,确保双语教学条件等改进拉汉双语教学的若干策略与方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Owing to the reasons of history and environment, in the compact community of minority nationality regions, the bilingual development ability of the minority pupil is confronted with a lot of difficulties and challenges, and restricted the improvement of their academic credit directly, even limited the development level of their thinking. So, it is concerned by the people that the bilingual teaching’s aim is to break through the language obstacle, and promote the minority nationality pupil’s all-round development. As the important case of studying bilingual teaching of minority nationality of borderland of our country, the bilingual teaching of Lahu nationality accumulates the valuable experience and discovers some problems in practical instruction, to worth probing into thoroughly. To take Lancang Lahu Autonomous County of Yunnan province as a case, according to the technological route of discovering theproblems——focusing on the predicament——analyzing the reason——proposing the countermeasure, The writer uses discipline theories such as cult urology、linguistics、pedagogy、psychology, etc., utilizes study methods such as the field investigation、the classroom observation and the literature analysis, and probes into the relevant problems and improved the tactics of bilingual teaching of Lahu primary school more deeply.This thesis is divided into the following four parts:Part one, Introduction. It mainly expounds and studies to genesis, combs the research current situation of bilingual teaching, clarifies relevant concepts, introduces thinking and method of this research.Part two, description of history and current situation. To collect the historical material of bilingual teaching of Lahu nationality primary school in an all-round way, and sketch the La—Chinese bilingual teaching’s contours of characteristic, experience and lesson in distinct stages of bilingual teaching development Meanwhile, based on the field study, for instance interview、group discussions classroom observation and questionnaire investigation, the writer stands in cultural status of a sovereign and position of guest’s location to study the current situation separately, records the bilingual teaching implementation mode and classroom case of Lahu nationality primary school, and summaries the general view from teacher and student.Part three, the analysis of dilemma and reason. Based on La—Chinese bilingual teaching history and current situation, the writer probes into the La—Chinese bilingual teaching in the dilemma that the goal realization, operation regulation, quality result, language contradiction and culture protection, and analysis reasons from outward appearance to inner essence of outside, to think the situation should involve social cultural changes, languages limitation, narrow bilingual knowledge, theoretical research lack, teaching resource shortage, teaching manage defect many kinds of factor and so on.Part four, the discussion of the countermeasure. To analyze the historical development and predicament of bilingual teaching of Lahu nationality primary school, form the visual angles such as the multicultural theory, linguistics and bilingual educational theory, etc., the writer propose the Countermeasures, that is to establish the pluralistic teaching view, reconstruct the goal, course and appraise of bilingual teaching, guarantee several strategies and methods of improving La—Chinese bilingual teaching.更多还原