【作者】 张笑实；

【导师】 潘玉春；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 兽医， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,上海市已把种源农业作为农业结构战略性调整的一个主要发展方向,进行重点建设。在此背景之下,作为上海市猪的核心育种基地之一,上海市种猪场于2000年底从法国引进了一批大白种猪。这批猪经过驯化饲养,发现不仅生长发育良好,而且繁殖性能尤为突出,所存在的缺点只是体型外貌以及生产性能变异较大。为此,我们以此群体作为育种素材,以高产作为最重要的育种目标,兼顾生长速度、瘦肉率及体型外貌,运用BLUP等遗传评估技术和标记辅助育种技术开展旨在育成大白猪专门化品系的育种工作。具体研究内容及其主要结果如下:(1)场内育种体系建设:我们首先根据《种猪登记技术规范》、《瘦肉型种猪遗传评估技术规范》等全国性种猪育种方案,尤其结合国内实践中出现的问题以及上海市种猪场的实际情况,构建了场内育种体系,并在此基础上对基础群的个体开展了性能测定,进而进行了育种值的估计、在此基础上进行选育。(2)标记辅助育种研究:为了增加选育的准确性,根据选育目标,结合国内早期卖种的现实情况,我们主要选用ESR基因作为候选基因,开展了标记辅助育种应用的研究,包括基因的多态性分布、对相关性状的影响及其与常规遗传评估结果的相关。结果发现,应用ESR基因进行标记辅助选择与运用BLUP法进行遗传评估,具有很大的一致性,即拥有优势基因型的种猪其估计育种值也往往较高。证明可以运用ESR基因进行辅助选育。同时我们也对影响猪瘦肉率的IGF2基因尝试性的做了多态性检测,但未发现所检测位点的多态性。通过上述研究,我们已为上海市种猪场的引进大白猪群建立起了一个常规加标记辅助的较完善的育种体系,从而为后续的育种工作奠定了较好的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, the source of agriculture as a strategic adjustment of agricultural structure has been a major development derection. Against this background, Shanghai Swine Breeding Farm (SSBF), one of Shanghai best nuclear pig breeding farms,introduced 80 Yorkshire(Large White)pigs from French at the end of year 2000. After 8 years domestication and selection,we found the pigs of this herd grow well and the reproductive performance is especially outstanding. the only shortcomings of this herd is appearance and performance variation larger. To this end, we used this herd as breeding material, chosed reproductive performance as the most important trait balanced growth rate, lean meat percentage and body appearance, use BLUP assessment techniques and genetic marker-assisted breeding technology and aimed at specialized bred Large White Lines The breeding work. Specific research and its main findings are as follows1. Construction of on-farm breeding system: After a thorough analyzation of the actual problem of pig industry in China and in Shanghai, an on-farm breeding system according to“Technical Specification for Registration of Breeding Pig”and“Technical Specification for Genetic Evaluation of Lean-type Breeding Pig”was set up. Based on this system, we have calculated the breeding value to their performance in order to select and breed.2. Study on marker-assisted breeding: In order to increase the accuracy of breeding, according to Breeding goals, with early selling of domestic realities, our main selection as a candidate gene is ESR gene, carry out study on the application of marker-assisted selection, including polymorphism of gene the relevant Characters and their impact on the conventional assessment of the results of the genetic correlation. The results showed that application of marker-assisted ESR gene selection and application of genetic BLUP assessment, and it is very consistent, that is, the genotype has advantages of its swine breeding value estimates are often higher. ESR gene that can be used for assisted breeding. At the same time we have on the impact of the pig lean meat percentage of the IGF2 gene trying to do a polymorphism testing, but did not find that the polymorphism on the chosed sites.By the research of above studies, we have built a routine and marker-assisted breeding system, consequently, we have established a better basis for future breeding task.更多还原