【作者】 蒋雅琴；

【导师】 石书英；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 现代教育的一个重要目标是培养学生的基本学习技能、信息素养、合作与交互能力、创新精神和实践能力。网络学习、信息技术与课程整合等方面的研究是当前推进教学改革,培养新型人才的重要着眼点。从本质上说,物理学是一门实验科学。把实验方法引入物理研究中以后,物理学才真正的从自然哲学中分离出来。在物理学中,每个概念的建立、定律的发现,都有其坚实的实验基础。因此,物理教学中的演示实验对于促进学生理解物理概念、掌握物理规律有着十分重要的作用。另外演示实验对于激发学生的学习兴趣也有不可忽视的作用。本文从当前大学物理演示实验教学的实际问题出发,研究了演示实验的教学功能,不同演示资源类型和教学组织方式的特点。根据物理演示实验的基本原则和建构主义学习理论,设计了基于演示资源的物理网络探究学习模式,即在课堂情境、实验室演示和网络学习情境中,学生在教师的引导下提出问题,通过网络支持环境开展个人化或协作探究学习。该模式突出了演示资源在创设情境和引发问题当中的重要作用,强调课堂、网络和实验室三种情境的结合。从当前物理演示教学过程的实际需要,特别是从支持探究学习的角度出发,对演示实验网络学习系统进行了总体设计、资源设计和各模块开发,并在网络学习系统中成功引入了博客作为交互共享工具和知识管理工具。该系统实现了对三种演示情境的支持和结合,有利于探究、自主、合作学习的开展。系统对改进大学物理演示实验的学习,提高演示资源教学效率,培养学生创新精神和合作精神,提高学生信息素养和实践能力具有重要作用。本文第一章从本研究的现实意义出发,对学生学习大学物理演示实验时采用探究学习和网络学习相结合的相关理论进行了陈述,提出了本论文的研究意义、创新点和预期的成果。其中创新点主要有以下几点:设计了一个从理论上讲能够有效辅助目前大学物理演示实验教学的探究学习网站;结合当前流行网络技术,网络学习系统中引入了博客;提出了网络环境下基于物理演示实验的探究学习模式。第二章则通过对文献资料以及一些出国考察的报告的搜集、分析、整理,对一些地区的大学物理演示实验教学情况进行概括性描述,这里主要涉及到美国以及我国港台地区,通过分析总结各自的特点及共同点,找到对我们有启发的一些做法。然后主要以大量的科研论文为依据分析了我国大学物理演示实验教学现状,这里主要是从三个方面着手,一是对演示实验的认识现状;二是课堂教学中的演示实验教学情况;三是课外演示实验教学的一些情况,在此基础上总结出我国演示实验教学中的优点与不足之处。第三章从信息技术条件下演示实验教学形式的变化和网络技术的特点出发,结合建构主义学习理论,论述了网络环境下演示实验教学的途径和方法。第四章在上述理论研究的基础上,详细论述了开发大学物理演示实验探究学习网站的系统工具选用,设计原则和策略,网站各部分基本功能及其实现,引入博客辅助物理实验教学的作用,并详细设计了一个学习案例。最后,作者结合自己在本研究过程中的体会,提出了网络环境下大学物理演示实验探究学习的一些教学建议以及本网站目前尚存的一些不足,作为自己日后继续从事该项研究的目标和方向。论文研究成果和开发的网络学习系统对教师开展探究教学、深化教学改革具有重要的理论价值和实践指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 It’s a key educational goal to develop students’ abilities which include basic learning skills, information literacy, interpersonal and cooperative skills, inventive thinking and practical abilities. To achieve that, the researches on E-learning, integrating IT into curriculum and etc are the key points in educational reform.Essentially, physics is a experimental science. After leading the experimental methods into a physical research, physics just real of the separation comes out from the natural philosophy.In the physics, the detection of the establishment, laws of each concept, all have its solid experiment foundation. Therefore, in the physical teaching of demonstration experiment to promote the student comprehend physical concept and control physical regulation is very important. Furthermore, demonstrational experiment has its own impact on stirring up a student which can not be negletable.This text sets out from the actual problem of current college physical teaching, studying to the teaching function of demonstration experiment, and show the characteristics of different kinds of resources type and teaching organize ways.According to the basic principles of demonstration experiment and constructivism learning theory, the author designs a model of physics online inquiry learning which is based on demonstrational experiment resources. Students raise or choose inquiry questions with the guidance of teachers when they are in classroom, laboratory or online learning environment. And their inquiry activities are supported by the network environment when they conduct individual or cooperative inquiry learning. The model highlights the importance of the demonstration resources in creating situations and inspiring questions. And it also focuses on the combination of classroom, laboratory and network environment.For needs of present physics teaching process, especially for supporting inquiry study,the author designs and develops the framework and all modules of the online learning system, develops some demonstrational resource. Additionally, "blog" is introduced into the learning system as tools of communication, resource sharing and knowledge managing. The learning system combines three demonstration situations.It greatly facilitates the conduction of inquiry learning, self-guided learning and cooperative learning. The system plays an important role in improving physics study, making demonstrational resources more efficient. It is also efficient in promoting students’ innovative and cooperative spirits and improving their information literacy and practical skills.The chapter 1 studies set out from realistic meaning, investigating the necessity that study and network study combine together to make analysis to the adoption for university student to study the university physical course, putting forward the result of the research meaning, creative point and expectation of this thesis.Chapter 2 then by means of analysising, sorting of reports from literature and reports which go abroad investigated, and describe generally to some university demonstration physical experiment teaching circumstance of regions, Here mainly involve the United States and our country Hongkong and Taiwan, through analysis and sum up respective of characteristics and common point, find out some way of doings which inspired to us. Then mainly take a great deal of research thesis as according to analyzed our country university physics demonstrational experiment teaching present condition, Mainly begin from three aspects here, one is to understand demonstrational experience present condition;Two is teaching of demonstrational experiment circumstance in the classroom;Three is extracurricular demonstrational experiment teaching of some circumstances,and summarized the advantage and the shortage of our country demonstrational experiment teaching.Chapter 3 setting out from demonstrational experiment teaching’s variety and the network technical characteristics under such information technique condition, combine the Constructive learning theory, discussed the path and the method of demonstrational experiment teaching under network environment.Chapter 4 studies in the above-mentioned theories physics,and discussed the choose of development tool, designing principle and strategy of the study website, and each part of basic functions and realization of the website, and designed a study case in detail.End, the author combines oneself in this research process of realize, put forward under the network environment Teaching Methods on demonstrational experiment teaching suggest and this terrace is some shortage that save still currently, be oneself continue to be engaged in that research in the days to come of target and direction.The outcomes of the research and the online learning system offer theoretical and practical instruction for educators to conduct inquiry learning and to make teaching improvement.更多还原