【作者】 周桂芹；

【导师】 张志勇；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 体育课堂教学评价的好坏是学校全面提高体育教学质量的核心问题,它是检查、总结和指导体育教学的先决条件和重要依据,是加强教学管理,调动教师积极性,提高教学质量的一项有效措施。各级各类学校进行的最为频繁、最有成效的大多是对课堂教学进行的评价。体育课堂教学评价的指导思想、原则方法、标准体系等直接影响体育课堂教学的改革,影响体育新课程的顺利实施,研究体育课堂教学评价具有重要意义。在高中45分钟一次的体育课里,如何使学生得到最大限度的锻炼以及发展与提高?到底什么样的体育课堂教学评价才能真正发挥反馈、调节和激励功能,才能真正促进学生和教师的发展,实现其“导教”、“导学”的目的?应该用什么样的标准评价体育课堂教学来引导与帮助体育教师提高专业素质,实践新课程的教育观、课程观、学生观?这是体育教师和研究人员不可回避的课题之一,也是目前我们体育课堂教学评价亟待解决的问题。本文运用文献资料法、观察法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法对高中体育课堂教学多元性评价体系进行研究分析,得出如下结论:①确立了评价的基本理念,即关注学生成长、促进教师发展、重视以学论教。②确立了评价的基本因素,即基础性要素、条件性要素和过程性要素。③拟定了符合当前体育课程改革实际的课堂教学质量多元性评价指标体系及权重。该指标体系包括九大一级指标和三十五个具体的二级指标。采用归一法确定各项指标的权重。针对评价指标的效度、信度和权重对专家进行的问卷调查真实可靠。④确立了高中体育课堂教学多元评价标准,即实效性;科学性;发挥学生主体的主体性;全面发展性;个性;创新性。⑤评判数学模型的建立运用模糊数学原理,采用加权平均(+,˙)的数学模型,对教学质量的模糊数据进行综合评判,运算中考虑到多因素影响,具有很好的综合评价效果。⑥从专家、同行教师、教师自身和学生四个方面构建了多元化的评价主体,对体育课堂教学过程与效果进行多角度评价,更科学的评价体育课堂教学质量。⑦确立了多元的评价方式,即定性评价与定量评价相结合、过程性评价和终结性评价相结合、即时性评价和阶段性评价相结合。⑧确立了多元评价的保障机制,即构建和谐的评价文化、形成合理的评价制度、采用综合的评价方法。针对高中体育课堂教学多元性评价体系提出如下建议:①突出评价的发展性功能;②认真理解和掌握测评指标的内涵;③进一步突出体育教师本人与学生在评价中的主体地位;④加强评价沟通与反馈;⑤加强评价指标与标准对教师专业发展的作用;⑥在评价时采用多种评价方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sports classroom instruction appraisal quality is the core question that school improves the quality of P.E teaching. It is the precondition and basis that inspects and instructs P.E teaching. It is an effective action that can strengthen the teaching management, arouse the teacher enthusiasm and improve the quality of teaching. The school carries on frequently is the appraisal which carries on to the classroom instruction. The guiding ideology, the principle method, the standard system and so on directly will affect the reform and the smooth implementation, the research of sports classroom instruction appraisal has the vital significance.In a high school forty five minutes time, how to enable the student to obtain the maximum exercise, development and the enhancement? What type of appraisal can display the feedback, the adjustment and the drive function truly, can promote the student and gym instructor’s development , realizes it“leads teaches”,“to lead study”goal? What type of standard can guide and help gym instructor to improve the specialized quality, to practice the education and curriculum view and the student observes? This is one of topics which the gym instructor and the researcher cannot be avoided, also is the question which sports classroom in appraisal urgently awaits to be solved at present.This article utilizes literature method, method of inspection, interview law, questionnaire survey procedure, logical analytic method and so on, carries on the research of the high school sports classroom instruction multi-dimensional appraisal system, draws the following conclusion:1 This article has established the appraisal basic idea which pays attention to the student and the teacher to develop, takes by to study discusses teaches.2 Has established the appraisal fundamental factors, namely foundational essential factor, conditionality essential factor and procedural essential factor. 3 We has conformed the actual classroom instruction quality appraisal target system and the weight to the current sports curriculum to reform. The targets of this system, including nine big level targets and thirty six concrete targets. We have determined the weight of each target by using the unitary method. In view of the appraisal target validity, the letter and the weight, the questionnaire survey which carries on to the expert is reliable.4 Has established the multi-dimensional criteria, namely effectiveness; Scientific nature; Displays the student main body independent; Comprehensive expansibility; Individuality; Innovation.5 Has established mathematical model by utilizing fuzzy mathematics principle which uses the mathematical model of the weighted average (+,˙), carries on the synthesis judgment to the quality of teaching fuzzy data. It has good quality synthetic evaluation effect which considered the multi-factor influence in operation.6 This article has constructed multiplication appraisal main body, including the experts, the colleague teachers, teacher own and the students, carries on the multiple perspectives appraisal to the classroom instruction process and the effect. The quality of sports classroom instruction is appraised more scientific.7 It has advocated that the qualitative appraisal and the quantitative evaluation are unified; The procedural appraisal and the terminating appraisal are unified; The instantaneity appraisal and the gradual appraisal are unified when it is appraised. 8 In the multi-dimensional appraisal organization and the implementation safeguard machine-made aspects, constructs the harmonious appraisal culture, forms the reasonable appraisal system, uses the comprehensive assessment methodIn view of the multi-dimensional appraisal system in high school sports classroom instruction it has proposed suggestions as follows:①The appraisal goal is to improve the classroom instruction quality, to promote the teachers and students to develop;②Understands earnestly with the grasping evaluation target connotation;③Make gym instructor’s and student’s main body status prominent in appraisal;④Enhance appraisal communication and feedback;⑤Enhance function of appraisal target and standard to teacher’s career development;⑥ When appraisal selects many kinds of appraisal methods.更多还原