【作者】 李宝忠；

【导师】 何金良； 周辉；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 电气工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 一维结构的电子部件,诸如数据传输线、指令控制线、电源线、电缆等,在高空电磁脉冲环境中,会感应出脉冲干扰电流,从而可能对连接的电子设备产生破坏。脉冲电流注入方式是一种简便、可靠的电子设备电磁敏感性测试方法。本文主要从理论和实验两个方面研究了对导线、电子功能部件等进行脉冲电流注入的技术和敏感性测试方法。采用传输线计算模型,对导线在核电磁脉冲环境下电流响应进行了理论分析。计算了地面附近铺设的导线在两端短路、两端接高阻、一端接地一端接电阻、两端接不同电阻等四种状态下的电流响应。计算结果为注入装置设计提供了理论依据。研制了一套脉冲电流注入装置。装置工作在非接触方式,主要部件包括储能电容、火花放电开关、磁场耦合部件等,可以在4m长导线上注入150A的脉冲电流,输出幅度可以调节。建立了导线与功能电路的脉冲电流注入实验方法与电磁敏感性测试方法。搭建了用于监测通信状态的计算机数据线实验平台,利用研制的卡钳式脉冲电流探测器对注入电流进行监测。给出了电磁敏感性干扰与损伤阈值定义。选择RS-232、RS-422通信接口电路,进行了电磁脉冲的干扰阈值和损伤阈值测试。并得到了这两种电路的阈值,最后给出了初步的分析。结果表明损伤模式为电流损伤,注入电流过大导致接口电路内部发生烧毁,端口电压的作用在于改变了电路端口的阻抗特性。提出了以能量形式表征干扰阈值和损伤阈值。注入电流在10A以上、注入能量在10-3J量级时,有很大可能对RS-232与RS-422造成损坏。从实验和理论分析两方面,分别研究了在导线一端接地一端接电阻、两端接不同电阻状态下,电阻改变时响应电流的变化规律。结果表明,导线电流和电阻上电压降随电阻非线性变化,电阻吸收能量会在一定阻值上出现极大值,而且实验与理论计算得到的规律相一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 The interference of pulse current will occur on the one dimension structural electronic components such as data transmission line, command control line, power supply line, and cable etc, which exist in the high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) environment, and that could damage the electronic equipment linked with these lines. The pulsed current injection (PCI) is one of simple and reliable method for the electromagnetic susceptivity test of electronic equipment. In this paper, the pulse current injection technology and related electromagnetic susceptivity test method on electronic components were studied by theory analysis and experiments.The current responses on line in HEMP environment were analyzed using the transmission line theory. The current responses on lines laying near ground were calculated according to the following different situations: two terminals in short-circuit state, two terminals connected with high resistances, one terminal in short-circuit state and one terminal linked with resistance, two terminals connected with different resistances respectively. The calculated results were taken as the fundaments of pulse current inject equipment design.A set of pulse current inject equipment was researched and developed. This equipment works in non-contact mode. The main component parts include capacitance, which was used as energy storage, gas spark discharge switch, magnetic field coupling component etc. 150-A pulse current can be injected into transmission line with the length of 4 meters, and the output current amplitude can be adjusted.The experiment method of PCI for line and electronic circuit with certain function and the test method of electromagnetic susceptivity are developed. The experiment system for communication line of computer, which can detect the state of communication, is developed. The inject current is detected by developed caliper-mode pulse current detector.The electromagnetic susceptivity upset threshold value and damage threshold value are defined. RS-232 and RS-422 communication interface circuits are selected for EMP upset threshold and damage threshold test. The threshold values of these two kind circuits are obtained, the primary analyses are given at last. The results indicate that the damage mode is current damage, too high inject current makes the interface circuit breakdown inside, whereas the voltage on the port just changes the input resistance characteristic of the port. The upset threshold and damage threshold are described in the form of energy. There is high possibility to make RS-232 and RS-422 breakdown when the inject current is higher than 10 A, inject energy is above 10-3 J.The induced current on line is researched theoretically and experimentally according to two situations: one terminal in short-circuit state and one terminal linked with resistance, two terminals connected with different resistances respectively. The results indicate that the induced current on line and the voltage on the end resistance had nonlinear relationships. The dissipative energy by the resistance would reach the maximum value when special resistance values are selected. The experiment results are identical to those one obtained from theory calculation.更多还原