【作者】 吕大伟；

【导师】 蔡谞；

【作者基本信息】 中国人民解放军军医进修学院 ， 外科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:本课题利用有限元分析的方法对髋关节中空多孔假体植入后的生物力学传导特性进行研究,为改进中空多孔人工关节假体的设计提供依据。方法:应用制图设备和软件分别建立股骨模型和假体模型;应用有限元分析软件,模拟单腿负重的情形对假体置换后不同状态下的应力分布进行比较。比较如下:1,假体开孔前后应力分布比较;2,开孔侧假体中空部分与周围骨质连接前后应力分布比较;3,与短柄假体应力分布的比较。使用Microsoft Excel 2000软件包进行分析处理。结果:1,开孔后张力侧最大压应力有所减小,开孔部位的应力水平变化不大。2,与周围骨质形成连接前后,开孔局部受力骨桥形成之后孔缘局部应力增加不明显。骨桥形成前后张力侧受力改变,变化不明显。3,短柄假体受力模式仍为远端应力集中;张力侧应力减小,开孔部位应力明显增加。不同开孔设计中,下孔受力较上孔大,受力方向基本一致。结论:1,开孔设计降低张力侧最大压应力,改善应力集中现象。2,形成骨桥后,孔缘应力增加不明显,可根据需要扩大孔径。3,放大开孔部位的力学作用,可缩短假体柄长度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: After implantation the biomechanical environment around prosthesis will change. Detect the mechanic conduction property of CCB; make a comparative study concerning different conditions. Provide data to better the design of CCB.Methods: Establish models of femur and CCB; imitate the condition when standing on one foot and compare the biomechanical environment in different conditions. Set in three group: 1, prosthesis without hole on the side wall compare with CCB; 2, compare the condition before and after the connection between the hollow part of prosthesis and the surrounding bone tissue; 3, shortening the length of the prosthesis, detect the mechanics property and make a comparation.Deal with the data using Microsoft Excel 2000.Results: 1. Making holes on the lateral side of the prosthesis lower the maxim stress, however, the stress around the hole does not change obviously.2. After connection between the hollow part of the prosthesis, the stress around the holes does not increase, meanwhile, the stress on the lateral side does not change obviously.3. After shortening the length of the prosthesis, the mechanic conduction style remains the same; however, the stress near the hole increase so much. The stress around the lower hole is higher, and in all these conditions the direction of force around the holes is basically the same.Conclusions: 1. Hole on the lateral side can lower the maxim stress on the lateral side. 2. After connection between the hollow part of the prosthesis, the stress around the holes does not increase obviously, always at a low level; so enlarging the diameter of the hole is available.3. Shortening the length of the prosthesis will enlarge the biomechanical effect of the design.更多还原